Gülten Erken1, Melek Bor Küçükatay2, Sebahat Turgut2, Haydar Ali Erken3, Selçuk Cömlekçi4, Umit Divrikli5, Osman Genç2. 1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey. 2. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey. 3. Department of Emergency, Balikesir State Hospital, Balikesir, Turkey. 4. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. 5. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the electromagnetic field generated from the 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation (EF) on erythrocyte rheological parameters and erythrocyte zinc levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were randomly grouped as follows: 1) two control groups and 2) study groups: i) Group A: EF exposed group (2.5 h/day for 30 days, the phone on stand-by), and ii) Group B: EF exposed group (2.5 min/day for 30 days, the phone ringing in silent mode). At the end of the experimental period erythrocyte rheological parameters such as erythrocyte deformability and aggregation were determined by an ectacytometer. Erythrocyte zinc level, which affects hemorheological parameters, was also measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Erythrocyte deformability was decreased in both study groups but the decrease in group A was not statistically significant. Exposure to EF did not have any significant effect on erythrocyte aggregation. On the other hand, erythrocyte zinc level was significantly reduced in both study groups. CONCLUSION: Exposure to EF may have decreased tissue oxygenation due to reduced erythrocyte deformability. Decrease in erythrocyte zinc level may have caused the impairment in erythrocyte deformability.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the electromagnetic field generated from the 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation (EF) on erythrocyte rheological parameters and erythrocyte zinc levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were randomly grouped as follows: 1) two control groups and 2) study groups: i) Group A: EF exposed group (2.5 h/day for 30 days, the phone on stand-by), and ii) Group B: EF exposed group (2.5 min/day for 30 days, the phone ringing in silent mode). At the end of the experimental period erythrocyte rheological parameters such as erythrocyte deformability and aggregation were determined by an ectacytometer. Erythrocyte zinc level, which affects hemorheological parameters, was also measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Erythrocyte deformability was decreased in both study groups but the decrease in group A was not statistically significant. Exposure to EF did not have any significant effect on erythrocyte aggregation. On the other hand, erythrocyte zinc level was significantly reduced in both study groups. CONCLUSION: Exposure to EF may have decreased tissue oxygenation due to reduced erythrocyte deformability. Decrease in erythrocyte zinc level may have caused the impairment in erythrocyte deformability.
Entities:
Keywords:
Electromagnetic field; erythrocyte aggregation; erythrocyte deformability; mobile phone; trace element
Authors: Kari Tahvanainen; Juanita Niño; Pirjo Halonen; Tom Kuusela; Tomi Laitinen; Esko Länsimies; Juha Hartikainen; Maila Hietanen; Harri Lindholm Journal: Bioelectromagnetics Date: 2004-02 Impact factor: 2.010