Helle Søholm1, Troels Wesenberg Kjær2, Jesper Kjaergaard1, Tobias Cronberg3, John Bro-Jeppesen1, Freddy K Lippert4, Lars Køber1, Michael Wanscher5, Christian Hassager6. 1. Department of Cardiology 2142, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. 2. Department of Neurophysiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Denmark. 3. Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. 4. Emergency Medical Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark. 5. Department of Thoracic Anaesthesiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Denmark. 6. Department of Cardiology 2142, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: helle.soholm@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with a poor prognosis and predicting outcome is complex with neurophysiological testing and repeated clinical neurological examinations as key components of the assessment. In this study we examine the association between different electroencephalography (EEG) patterns and mortality in a clinical cohort of OHCA-patients. METHODS: From 2002 to 2011 consecutive patients were admitted to an intensive-care-unit after resuscitation from OHCA. Utstein-criteria for pre-hospital data and review of individual patients' charts for post-resuscitation care were used. EEG reports were analysed according to the 2012 American Clinical Neurophysiology Society's guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 1076 patients were included, and EEG was performed in 20% (n=219) with a median of 3(IQR 2-4) days after OHCA. Rhythmic Delta Activity (RDA) was found in 71 patients (36%) and Periodic Discharges (PD) in 100 patients (45%). Background EEG frequency of Alpha+ or Theta was noted in 107 patients (49%), and change in cerebral EEG activity to stimulation (reactivity) was found in 38 patients (17%). Suppression (all activity <10 μV) was found in 26 (12%) and burst-suppression in 17 (8%) patients. A favourable EEG pattern (reactivity, favourable background frequency and RDA) was independently associated with reduced mortality with hazard ratio (HR) 0.43 (95%CI: 0.24-0.76), p=0.004 (false positive rate: 31%) and a non-favourable EEG pattern (no reactivity, unfavourable background frequency, and PD, suppressed voltage or burst-suppression) was associated with higher mortality (HR=1.62(1.09-2.41), p=0.02) after adjustment for known prognostic factors (false positive rate: 9%). CONCLUSION: EEG may be useful in work-up in prognostication of patients with OHCA. Findings such as Rhythmic Delta Activity (RDA) seem to be associated with a better prognosis, whereas suppressed voltage and burst-suppression patterns were associated with poor prognosis.
BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with a poor prognosis and predicting outcome is complex with neurophysiological testing and repeated clinical neurological examinations as key components of the assessment. In this study we examine the association between different electroencephalography (EEG) patterns and mortality in a clinical cohort of OHCA-patients. METHODS: From 2002 to 2011 consecutive patients were admitted to an intensive-care-unit after resuscitation from OHCA. Utstein-criteria for pre-hospital data and review of individual patients' charts for post-resuscitation care were used. EEG reports were analysed according to the 2012 American Clinical Neurophysiology Society's guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 1076 patients were included, and EEG was performed in 20% (n=219) with a median of 3(IQR 2-4) days after OHCA. Rhythmic Delta Activity (RDA) was found in 71 patients (36%) and Periodic Discharges (PD) in 100 patients (45%). Background EEG frequency of Alpha+ or Theta was noted in 107 patients (49%), and change in cerebral EEG activity to stimulation (reactivity) was found in 38 patients (17%). Suppression (all activity <10 μV) was found in 26 (12%) and burst-suppression in 17 (8%) patients. A favourable EEG pattern (reactivity, favourable background frequency and RDA) was independently associated with reduced mortality with hazard ratio (HR) 0.43 (95%CI: 0.24-0.76), p=0.004 (false positive rate: 31%) and a non-favourable EEG pattern (no reactivity, unfavourable background frequency, and PD, suppressed voltage or burst-suppression) was associated with higher mortality (HR=1.62(1.09-2.41), p=0.02) after adjustment for known prognostic factors (false positive rate: 9%). CONCLUSION: EEG may be useful in work-up in prognostication of patients with OHCA. Findings such as Rhythmic Delta Activity (RDA) seem to be associated with a better prognosis, whereas suppressed voltage and burst-suppression patterns were associated with poor prognosis.
Authors: Christian Crouzet; Robert H Wilson; Afsheen Bazrafkan; Maryam H Farahabadi; Donald Lee; Juan Alcocer; Bruce J Tromberg; Bernard Choi; Yama Akbari Journal: Biomed Opt Express Date: 2016-10-20 Impact factor: 3.732
Authors: Callie M Drohan; Alessandra I Cardi; Jon C Rittenberger; Alexandra Popescu; Clifton W Callaway; Maria E Baldwin; Jonathan Elmer Journal: Resuscitation Date: 2017-12-02 Impact factor: 5.262
Authors: Cesar Reis; Onat Akyol; Camila Araujo; Lei Huang; Budbazar Enkhjargal; Jay Malaguit; Vadim Gospodarev; John H Zhang Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2017-01-11 Impact factor: 5.923