Antje Gottschalk1, Birgit Rink2, Rüdiger Smektala3, André Piontek2, Björn Ellger1, André Gottschalk4. 1. Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany. 2. Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer, University Hospital Bochum, 44789 Bochum, Germany. 3. Department of Trauma Surgery, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer, University Hospital Bochum, 44789 Bochum, Germany. 4. Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum-Langendreer, University Hospital Bochum, 44789 Bochum, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift, 30169 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: andre.gottschalk@ddh-gruppe.de.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether spinal anesthesia blunts surgical stress reactions and results in less perioperative hyperglycemia. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized controlled study. SETTING: Operating room of a university hospital. PATIENTS: 68 adult, nondiabetic (n = 40) and diabetic (n = 28), ASA physical status 1, 2, and3 patients patients undergoing elective total hip replacement. INTERVENTIONS: General or spinal anesthesia was administered. MEASUREMENTS: Blood HbA1C was measured preoperatively to identify patients with undiagnosed diabetes. Glucose levels were checked preoperatively, then immediately after, and one hour after surgery. A conventional glucose control protocol was used, where insulin was given when blood glucose concentrations exceeded 250 mg/dL. MAIN RESULTS:Preoperative glucose levels in general and spinal anesthesia patients were comparable and not significantly different in nondiabetic and diabetic patients. At the end of surgery and one hour after surgery, glucose levels were significantly higher in patients undergoing general anesthesia compared with baseline values in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients (P < 0.05). In nondiabetic and diabetic patients, a significant increase in glucose level was found in patients undergoing general anesthesia versus spinal anesthesia (P < 0.05). In patients receiving spinal anesthesia, glucose levels remained stable. Two diabetic patients undergoing general anesthesia receivedinsulin. CONCLUSION:Spinal anesthesia attenuates the hyperglycemic response to surgical stimuli in diabetics and nondiabetic patients.
RCT Entities:
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether spinal anesthesia blunts surgical stress reactions and results in less perioperative hyperglycemia. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized controlled study. SETTING: Operating room of a university hospital. PATIENTS: 68 adult, nondiabetic (n = 40) and diabetic (n = 28), ASA physical status 1, 2, and 3 patientspatients undergoing elective total hip replacement. INTERVENTIONS: General or spinal anesthesia was administered. MEASUREMENTS: Blood HbA1C was measured preoperatively to identify patients with undiagnosed diabetes. Glucose levels were checked preoperatively, then immediately after, and one hour after surgery. A conventional glucose control protocol was used, where insulin was given when blood glucose concentrations exceeded 250 mg/dL. MAIN RESULTS: Preoperative glucose levels in general and spinal anesthesia patients were comparable and not significantly different in nondiabetic and diabeticpatients. At the end of surgery and one hour after surgery, glucose levels were significantly higher in patients undergoing general anesthesia compared with baseline values in both diabetic and nondiabeticpatients (P < 0.05). In nondiabetic and diabeticpatients, a significant increase in glucose level was found in patients undergoing general anesthesia versus spinal anesthesia (P < 0.05). In patients receiving spinal anesthesia, glucose levels remained stable. Two diabeticpatients undergoing general anesthesia received insulin. CONCLUSION: Spinal anesthesia attenuates the hyperglycemic response to surgical stimuli in diabetics and nondiabeticpatients.
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