[Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal-retrospective study in a teaching hospital].

We analyzed 1529 diabetic patients seen between 1959 and 1982 at a teaching hospital in Concepción, Chile. 116 of them were insulin dependent diabetics. Gestational diabetes was excluded. The 10 year actuarial risk of acquiring tuberculosis was 24.2% for insulin-dependent diabetics and 4.8% for the rest (p less than 0.001). The risk of the diabetic population as a whole was 5.9% compared to 0.8% for the population at large. Thus, diabetics are a high risk group for tuberculosis, especially insulin-dependent patients whose risk is about 38 times higher than the general population under 40 years of age.