OBJECTIVES: To determine the neuroprotective efficacy of the inert gas xenon following traumatic brain injury and to determine whether application of xenon has a clinically relevant therapeutic time window. DESIGN: Controlled animal study. SETTING: University research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Male C57BL/6N mice (n = 196). INTERVENTIONS: Seventy-five percent xenon, 50% xenon, or 30% xenon, with 25% oxygen (balance nitrogen) treatment following mechanical brain lesion by controlled cortical impact. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Outcome following trauma was measured using 1) functional neurologic outcome score, 2) histological measurement of contusion volume, and 3) analysis of locomotor function and gait. Our study shows that xenon treatment improves outcome following traumatic brain injury. Neurologic outcome scores were significantly (p < 0.05) better in xenon-treated groups in the early phase (24 hr) and up to 4 days after injury. Contusion volume was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the xenon-treated groups. Xenon treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced contusion volume when xenon was given 15 minutes after injury or when treatment was delayed 1 or 3 hours after injury. Neurologic outcome was significantly (p < 0.05) improved when xenon treatment was given 15 minutes or 1 hour after injury. Improvements in locomotor function (p < 0.05) were observed in the xenon-treated group, 1 month after trauma. CONCLUSIONS: These results show for the first time that xenon improves neurologic outcome and reduces contusion volume following traumatic brain injury in mice. In this model, xenon application has a therapeutic time window of up to at least 3 hours. These findings support the idea that xenon may be of benefit as a neuroprotective treatment in patients with brain trauma.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the neuroprotective efficacy of the inert gas xenon following traumatic brain injury and to determine whether application of xenon has a clinically relevant therapeutic time window. DESIGN: Controlled animal study. SETTING: University research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Male C57BL/6N mice (n = 196). INTERVENTIONS: Seventy-five percent xenon, 50% xenon, or 30% xenon, with 25% oxygen (balance nitrogen) treatment following mechanical brain lesion by controlled cortical impact. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Outcome following trauma was measured using 1) functional neurologic outcome score, 2) histological measurement of contusion volume, and 3) analysis of locomotor function and gait. Our study shows that xenon treatment improves outcome following traumatic brain injury. Neurologic outcome scores were significantly (p < 0.05) better in xenon-treated groups in the early phase (24 hr) and up to 4 days after injury. Contusion volume was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the xenon-treated groups. Xenon treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced contusion volume when xenon was given 15 minutes after injury or when treatment was delayed 1 or 3 hours after injury. Neurologic outcome was significantly (p < 0.05) improved when xenon treatment was given 15 minutes or 1 hour after injury. Improvements in locomotor function (p < 0.05) were observed in the xenon-treated group, 1 month after trauma. CONCLUSIONS: These results show for the first time that xenon improves neurologic outcome and reduces contusion volume following traumatic brain injury in mice. In this model, xenon application has a therapeutic time window of up to at least 3 hours. These findings support the idea that xenon may be of benefit as a neuroprotective treatment in patients with brain trauma.
Authors: Alan I Faden; Gerard B Fox; Xiao Di; Susan M Knoblach; Ibolja Cernak; Paul Mullins; Maria Nikolaeva; Alan P Kozikowski Journal: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Date: 2003-03 Impact factor: 6.200
Authors: Olli J Arola; Ruut M Laitio; Risto O Roine; Juha Grönlund; Antti Saraste; Mikko Pietilä; Juhani Airaksinen; Juha Perttilä; Harry Scheinin; Klaus T Olkkola; Mervyn Maze; Timo T Laitio Journal: Crit Care Med Date: 2013-09 Impact factor: 7.598
Authors: Patrick M. Kochanek; Robert S.B. Clark; Randall A. Ruppel; P. David Adelson; Michael J. Bell; Michael J. Whalen; Courtney L. Robertson; Margaret A. Satchell; Neal A. Seidberg; Donald W. Marion; Larry W. Jenkins Journal: Pediatr Crit Care Med Date: 2000-07 Impact factor: 3.624
Authors: Jeffrey R Basford; Li-Shan Chou; Kenton R Kaufman; Robert H Brey; Ann Walker; James F Malec; Anne M Moessner; Allen W Brown Journal: Arch Phys Med Rehabil Date: 2003-03 Impact factor: 3.966
Authors: A Frajewicki; Z Laštůvka; V Borbélyová; S Khan; K Jandová; K Janišová; J Otáhal; J Mysliveček; V Riljak Journal: Physiol Res Date: 2020-12-31 Impact factor: 1.881
Authors: Jérémie Lavaur; Déborah Le Nogue; Marc Lemaire; Jan Pype; Géraldine Farjot; Etienne C Hirsch; Patrick P Michel Journal: J Neurochem Date: 2017-05-16 Impact factor: 5.372
Authors: Hélène N David; Benoit Haelewyn; Jean-Éric Blatteau; Jean-Jacques Risso; Nicolas Vallée; Jacques H Abraini Journal: Med Gas Res Date: 2017-10-17