Ava Leegant1, Lisa C Zuckerwise, Keith Downing, Jurriaan Brouwer-Visser, Changcheng Zhu, Maria Jose Cossio, Felix Strube, Xianhong Xie, Erika Banks, Gloria S Huang. 1. From the *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center; †Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; ‡Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center; and §Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), key regulators of the extracellular matrix composition, in the uterosacral ligaments (USLs) of women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) compared with controls. METHODS: Under an institutional review board approval, USL samples were obtained from women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy for stage 2 or greater POP (cases, n = 21) and from women without POP undergoing vaginal hysterectomy for benign indications (controls, n = 19). Hematoxylin and eosin and trichrome staining were performed on the USL sections, and the distribution of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue were quantified. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using anti-TGF-β1 and anti-MMP-9 antibodies. The expressions of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 were evaluated by the pathologist, who was blinded to all clinical data. RESULTS: Transforming growth factor β1 expression positively correlated with MMP-9 expression (R = 0.4, P = 0.01). The expressions of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 were similar in subjects with POP versus controls. There was a significant increase in fibrous tissue (P = 0.008) and a corresponding decrease in smooth muscle (P = 0.03), associated with increasing age. The TGF-β1 expression, but not MMP-9 expression, also significantly increased with age (P = 0.02). DISCUSSION: Although our study uncovered age-related alterations in USL composition and TGF-β1 expression, there was no difference in the expression of TGF-β1 or MMP-9 in the subjects with POP versus controls.
OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), key regulators of the extracellular matrix composition, in the uterosacral ligaments (USLs) of women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) compared with controls. METHODS: Under an institutional review board approval, USL samples were obtained from women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy for stage 2 or greater POP (cases, n = 21) and from women without POP undergoing vaginal hysterectomy for benign indications (controls, n = 19). Hematoxylin and eosin and trichrome staining were performed on the USL sections, and the distribution of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue were quantified. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using anti-TGF-β1 and anti-MMP-9 antibodies. The expressions of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 were evaluated by the pathologist, who was blinded to all clinical data. RESULTS: Transforming growth factor β1 expression positively correlated with MMP-9 expression (R = 0.4, P = 0.01). The expressions of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 were similar in subjects with POP versus controls. There was a significant increase in fibrous tissue (P = 0.008) and a corresponding decrease in smooth muscle (P = 0.03), associated with increasing age. The TGF-β1 expression, but not MMP-9 expression, also significantly increased with age (P = 0.02). DISCUSSION: Although our study uncovered age-related alterations in USL composition and TGF-β1 expression, there was no difference in the expression of TGF-β1 or MMP-9 in the subjects with POP versus controls.
Authors: Boris Gabriel; Dirk Watermann; Katharina Hancke; Gerald Gitsch; Martin Werner; Clemens Tempfer; Axel zur Hausen Journal: Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct Date: 2005-12-08
Authors: Greta Lisa Carlin; Klaus Bodner; Oliver Kimberger; Peter Haslinger; Christian Schneeberger; Reinhard Horvat; Heinz Kölbl; Wolfgang Umek; Barbara Bodner-Adler Journal: Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X Date: 2020-05-11