Adnan Mannan1, Mohammad Shohel2, Sultana Rajia3, Niaz Uddin Mahmud4, Sanjana Kabir2, Imtiaj Hasan5. 1. Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh. 2. Department of Pharmacy, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3. Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh. 4. Department of Computer Science & Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh. 5. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh ; Laboratory of Glycobiology and Marine Biochemistry, Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of Nano Biosciences, Yokohama City University, Yokohama-236-0027, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the resistance and sensitivity of Salmonella typhi samples to commonly used antibiotics in three major divisions of Bangladesh and to evaluate the gradually developing resistance pattern. METHODS: The antibiotic susceptibility of 70 clinical isolates collected from blood, sputum, urine and pus samples were identified by specific antisera and with standard biochemical tests. The patients were divided into 5 age groups. Susceptibility and resistance was also tested by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using 12 regularly used antibiotics. RESULTS: Antibiotic susceptibility test demonstrated that 64.28% isolates of Salmonella typhi were multidrug resistant. Present study suggests that the clinical samples were mostly resistant against nalidixic acid with all age groups and in all three divisions with similar resistance pattern. Resistance is more common among adult people (30-40 years) and children (0-10 years). Salmonella typhi was mostly sensitive against gentamycin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: Although the population density of Dhaka region is markedly higher than Rajshahi and Chittagong regions, no significant difference in resistance pattern was found. The rate of multidrug resistance is a matter of concern. Physicians should reconsider before prescribing nalidixic acid and cefixime. Further molecular study is needed to reveal the genomic and proteomic basis of resistance.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the resistance and sensitivity of Salmonella typhi samples to commonly used antibiotics in three major divisions of Bangladesh and to evaluate the gradually developing resistance pattern. METHODS: The antibiotic susceptibility of 70 clinical isolates collected from blood, sputum, urine and pus samples were identified by specific antisera and with standard biochemical tests. The patients were divided into 5 age groups. Susceptibility and resistance was also tested by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using 12 regularly used antibiotics. RESULTS: Antibiotic susceptibility test demonstrated that 64.28% isolates of Salmonella typhi were multidrug resistant. Present study suggests that the clinical samples were mostly resistant against nalidixic acid with all age groups and in all three divisions with similar resistance pattern. Resistance is more common among adult people (30-40 years) and children (0-10 years). Salmonella typhi was mostly sensitive against gentamycin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: Although the population density of Dhaka region is markedly higher than Rajshahi and Chittagong regions, no significant difference in resistance pattern was found. The rate of multidrug resistance is a matter of concern. Physicians should reconsider before prescribing nalidixic acid and cefixime. Further molecular study is needed to reveal the genomic and proteomic basis of resistance.
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