Marcantonio M Spada1, Gabriele Caselli2, Ana V Nikčević3, Adrian Wells4. 1. London South Bank University, London, UK. Electronic address: spadam@lsbu.ac.uk. 2. Studi Cognitivi, Cognitive Psychotherapy School, Modena, Italy. 3. Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK. 4. University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Manchester Mental Health and Social Care NHS Trust, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Over the last twenty years metacognitive theory has provided a novel framework, in the form of the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model, for conceptualizing psychological distress (Wells & Matthews, 1994, 1996). The S-REF model proposes that psychological distress persists because of unhelpful coping styles (e.g. extended thinking and thought suppression) which are activated and maintained as a result of metacognitive beliefs. OBJECTIVE: This paper describes the S-REF model and its application to addictive behaviors using a triphasic metacognitive formulation. DISCUSSION: Evidence on the components of the triphasic metacognitive formulation is reviewed and the clinical implications for applying metacognitive therapy to addictive behaviors outlined.
BACKGROUND: Over the last twenty years metacognitive theory has provided a novel framework, in the form of the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model, for conceptualizing psychological distress (Wells & Matthews, 1994, 1996). The S-REF model proposes that psychological distress persists because of unhelpful coping styles (e.g. extended thinking and thought suppression) which are activated and maintained as a result of metacognitive beliefs. OBJECTIVE: This paper describes the S-REF model and its application to addictive behaviors using a triphasic metacognitive formulation. DISCUSSION: Evidence on the components of the triphasic metacognitive formulation is reviewed and the clinical implications for applying metacognitive therapy to addictive behaviors outlined.
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