CNS neuroimmunology seen by a neuropathologist.

Basic mechanisms of immune surveillance of the central nervous system (CNS) and of brain inflammation have recently been elucidated through neuroimmunological research. Despite this progress our understanding of human inflammatory diseases of the brain and spinal cord is still incomplete. In this short review, we discuss some recent findings on the role of adaptive and innate immunity in chronic inflammatory CNS diseases with particular focus on multiple sclerosis.