Proteomics biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer.

In the last decade, proteomic analysis has become an integral tool for investigation of tumor biology, complementing the genetic analysis. The idea of proteomics is to characterize proteins by evaluation of their expressions, functions, and interactions. Proteomics may also provide information about post-translational modifications of proteins and evaluate their value as specific disease biomarkers. The major purpose of clinical proteomics studies is to improve diagnostic procedures including the precise evaluation of biological features of tumor cells and to understand the molecular pathogenesis of cancers to invent novel therapeutic strategies and targets. This review briefly describes the latest reports in proteomic studies of NSCLC. It contains a summary of the methods used to detect proteomic markers in different types of biological material and their clinical application as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers compiled on the basis of the most recent literature and our own experience.