In silico designed nanoMIP based optical sensor for endotoxins monitoring.

Molecular modelling was used to select specific monomers suitable for the design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with high affinity towards endotoxins. MIPs were synthesised using solid-phase photopolymerisation with endotoxins from Escherichia coli 0111:B4 as the template. This technique also allowed the endotoxin template to be reused successfully. Particle size of ~190-220 nm was achieved with low polydispersity index, which confirms the quality of the produced MIPs. For the development of the optical sensor, SPR-2 biosensor system was used by functionalising the gold sensor chip with the MIP nanoparticles using EDC/NHS coupling procedure. The affinity based-endotoxin assay can detect endotoxins in the concentration range of 15.6-500 ng mL(-1). MIP surfaces were regenerated showing stability of the method for subsequent analysis and dissociation constants were calculated as 3.24-5.24×10(-8) M. The developed SPR sensor with the novel endotoxins nanoMIP showed the potential of the technology for endotoxins capture, detection and risk management and also the importance of computational modelling to design the artificial affinity ligands.