PURPOSE: To evaluate non-urological cancer risks associated with benzidine (BZ) and beta-naphthylamine (BNA), a historical cohort study was undertaken. METHODS: A total of 224 male workers exposed to BZ/BNA from a single factory were followed from 1953 to 2011. To estimate BZ/BNA exposure dose, duration of exposure (DOE) was defined as duration of employment between 1953 and 1972, the period when BZ and BNA were produced and used at this factory. Subjects were dichotomized (into long- and short-term groups) based on the median of DOE. Cancer-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated using national and regional incidence rates as reference. Smoking history was obtained through questionnaires and other sources. Association between lung cancer (LC) or bladder cancer (BC) incidence and DOE was assessed using Cox's proportional hazards model. RESULTS: Vital status follow-up was successful for 216 (96.4%). Follow-up duration averaged 44.0 (SD 10.7) years. Increased SIRs based on national rates were found for all cancers (81 cases, SIR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.26-1.98), LC (18 cases, SIR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.53-4.07), and BC (7 cases, SIR = 4.70, 95% CI 1.89-9.67). Among workers with >20 years after first exposure, the SIR for LC was statistically elevated in the long DOE group (15 cases, SIR = 3.34, 95% CI 1.87-5.51). After adjustment for smoking, exposure to bis(chloromethyl) ether, and age at first exposure, a marginally significant hazard ratio (HR) was observed for the long DOE group (adjusted HR = 3.02, 95% CI 0.84-10.93, p = 0.091), compared to the short DOE group. DOE did not affect BC incidence. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the high risk of LC besides BC, suggesting that BZ/BNA have the potential to cause LC.
PURPOSE: To evaluate non-urological cancer risks associated with benzidine (BZ) and beta-naphthylamine (BNA), a historical cohort study was undertaken. METHODS: A total of 224 male workers exposed to BZ/BNA from a single factory were followed from 1953 to 2011. To estimate BZ/BNA exposure dose, duration of exposure (DOE) was defined as duration of employment between 1953 and 1972, the period when BZ and BNA were produced and used at this factory. Subjects were dichotomized (into long- and short-term groups) based on the median of DOE. Cancer-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated using national and regional incidence rates as reference. Smoking history was obtained through questionnaires and other sources. Association between lung cancer (LC) or bladder cancer (BC) incidence and DOE was assessed using Cox's proportional hazards model. RESULTS: Vital status follow-up was successful for 216 (96.4%). Follow-up duration averaged 44.0 (SD 10.7) years. Increased SIRs based on national rates were found for all cancers (81 cases, SIR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.26-1.98), LC (18 cases, SIR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.53-4.07), and BC (7 cases, SIR = 4.70, 95% CI 1.89-9.67). Among workers with >20 years after first exposure, the SIR for LC was statistically elevated in the long DOE group (15 cases, SIR = 3.34, 95% CI 1.87-5.51). After adjustment for smoking, exposure to bis(chloromethyl) ether, and age at first exposure, a marginally significant hazard ratio (HR) was observed for the long DOE group (adjusted HR = 3.02, 95% CI 0.84-10.93, p = 0.091), compared to the short DOE group. DOE did not affect BC incidence. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the high risk of LC besides BC, suggesting that BZ/BNA have the potential to cause LC.
Authors: Enrico Pira; Giorgio Piolatto; Eva Negri; Canzio Romano; Paolo Boffetta; Loren Lipworth; Joseph K McLaughlin; Carlo La Vecchia Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2010-06-14 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: G Talaska; M Schamer; P Skipper; S Tannenbaum; N Caporaso; L Unruh; F F Kadlubar; H Bartsch; C Malaveille; P Vineis Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 1991 Nov-Dec Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Annie M Jarabek; Lynn H Pottenger; Larry S Andrews; Daniel Casciano; Michelle R Embry; James H Kim; R Julian Preston; M Vijayaraj Reddy; Rita Schoeny; David Shuker; Julie Skare; James Swenberg; Gary M Williams; Errol Zeiger Journal: Crit Rev Toxicol Date: 2009 Impact factor: 5.635
Authors: Grazielly Maria Didier de Vasconcelos; Jéssica Mulinari; Selene Maria de Arruda Guelli Ulson de Souza; Antônio Augusto Ulson de Souza; Débora de Oliveira; Cristiano José de Andrade Journal: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Date: 2021-05-13 Impact factor: 3.312