The use of research evidence on patient preferences in health care decision-making: issues, controversies and moving forward.

Patient preferences are increasingly considered important in health care decision-making. The consideration of patient preferences is mostly put into practice by giving patients a seat at the decision-making table, instead of using research evidence on patient preferences. The consideration of research evidence on patient preferences is justified and relevant for several reasons. The current limited use of this type of evidence suggests, however, that barriers for its use exist. This paper provides an overview of the issues and controversies related to the use of research evidence on patient preferences. Furthermore, an agenda for research and practice is proposed. The paper focuses on two decision contexts, clinical practice guideline development and reimbursement decision-making.