Jean-François Laprise1, Mélanie Drolet2, Marie-Claude Boily3, Mark Jit4, Chantal Sauvageau1, Eduardo L Franco5, Philippe Lemieux-Mellouki2, Talía Malagón2, Marc Brisson6. 1. Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada. 2. Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. 3. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. 4. Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, United Kingdom; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. 5. Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. 6. Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: marc.brisson@uresp.ulaval.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that two doses of HPV vaccines may be as protective as three doses in the short-term. We estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of two- and three-dose schedules of girls-only and girls & boys HPV vaccination programmes in Canada. METHODS: We used HPV-ADVISE, an individual-based transmission-dynamic model of multi-type HPV infection and diseases (anogenital warts, and cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, penis and oropharynx). We conducted the analysis from the health payer perspective, with a 70-year time horizon and 3% discount rate, and performed extensive sensitivity analyses, including duration of vaccine protection and vaccine cost. FINDINGS: Assuming 80% coverage and a vaccine cost per dose of $85, two-dose girls-only vaccination (vs. no vaccination) produced cost/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY)-gained varying between $7900-24,300. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of giving the third dose to girls (vs. two doses) was below $40,000/QALY-gained when: (i) three doses provide longer protection than two doses and (ii) two-dose protection was shorter than 30 years. Vaccinating boys (with two or three doses) was not cost-effective (vs. girls-only vaccination) under most scenarios investigated. INTERPRETATION: Two-dose HPV vaccination is likely to be cost-effective if its duration of protection is at least 10 years. A third dose of HPV vaccine is unlikely to be cost-effective if two-dose duration of protection is longer than 30 years. Finally, two-dose girls & boys HPV vaccination is unlikely to be cost-effective unless the cost per dose for boys is substantially lower than the cost for girls.
BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that two doses of HPV vaccines may be as protective as three doses in the short-term. We estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of two- and three-dose schedules of girls-only and girls & boys HPV vaccination programmes in Canada. METHODS: We used HPV-ADVISE, an individual-based transmission-dynamic model of multi-type HPV infection and diseases (anogenital warts, and cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, penis and oropharynx). We conducted the analysis from the health payer perspective, with a 70-year time horizon and 3% discount rate, and performed extensive sensitivity analyses, including duration of vaccine protection and vaccine cost. FINDINGS: Assuming 80% coverage and a vaccine cost per dose of $85, two-dose girls-only vaccination (vs. no vaccination) produced cost/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY)-gained varying between $7900-24,300. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of giving the third dose to girls (vs. two doses) was below $40,000/QALY-gained when: (i) three doses provide longer protection than two doses and (ii) two-dose protection was shorter than 30 years. Vaccinating boys (with two or three doses) was not cost-effective (vs. girls-only vaccination) under most scenarios investigated. INTERPRETATION: Two-dose HPV vaccination is likely to be cost-effective if its duration of protection is at least 10 years. A third dose of HPV vaccine is unlikely to be cost-effective if two-dose duration of protection is longer than 30 years. Finally, two-dose girls & boys HPV vaccination is unlikely to be cost-effective unless the cost per dose for boys is substantially lower than the cost for girls.
Authors: Benjamin D Grant; Chelsey A Smith; Philip E Castle; Michael E Scheurer; Rebecca Richards-Kortum Journal: Vaccine Date: 2016-09-22 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Eunha Shim; Shawn T Brown; Jay DePasse; Mary Patricia Nowalk; Jonathan M Raviotta; Kenneth J Smith; Richard K Zimmerman Journal: Am J Prev Med Date: 2016-04-11 Impact factor: 5.043