Andrea M D'Armini1, Marco Morsolini2, Gabriella Mattiucci3, Valentina Grazioli3, Maurizio Pin4, Adele Valentini5, Giuseppe Silvaggio4, Catherine Klersy6, Roberto Dore5. 1. Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia School of Medicine, Pavia, Italy; Cardiac Surgery, Foundation I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. Electronic address: darmini@smatteo.pv.it. 2. Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia School of Medicine, Pavia, Italy. 3. Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia School of Medicine, Pavia, Italy; Cardiac Surgery, Foundation I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. 4. Cardiac Surgery, Foundation I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. 5. Institute of Radiology, Foundation I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. 6. Service of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Foundation I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension can be cured by pulmonary endarterectomy. Operability assessment remains a major concern, because there are no well-defined criteria to discriminate proximal from distal obstructions, and surgical candidacy depends mostly on the surgeon's experience. The intraoperative classification of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension describes 4 types of lesions, based on anatomy and location. We describe our recent experience with the more distal (type 3) disease. METHODS: More than 500 pulmonary endarterectomies were performed at Foundation I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo (Pavia, Italy). Because of recent changes in the patient population, 331 endarterectomies performed from January 2008 to December 2013 were analyzed. Two groups of patients were identified according to the intraoperative classification: proximal (type 1 and type 2 lesions, 221 patients) and distal (type 3 lesions, 110 patients). RESULTS: The number of endarterectomies for distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension increased significantly over time (currently ∼37%). Deep venous thrombosis was confirmed as a risk factor for proximal disease, whereas patients with distal obstruction had a higher prevalence of indwelling intravascular devices. Overall hospital mortality was 6.9%, with no difference in the 2 groups. Postoperative survival was excellent. In all patients, surgery was followed by a significant and sustained improvement in hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and functional parameters, with no difference between proximal and distal cases. CONCLUSIONS: Although distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension represents the most challenging situation, the postoperative outcomes of both proximal and distal cases are excellent. The diagnosis of inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension should be achieved only in experienced centers, because many patients who have been deemed inoperable might benefit from favorable surgical outcomes.
OBJECTIVES:Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension can be cured by pulmonary endarterectomy. Operability assessment remains a major concern, because there are no well-defined criteria to discriminate proximal from distal obstructions, and surgical candidacy depends mostly on the surgeon's experience. The intraoperative classification of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension describes 4 types of lesions, based on anatomy and location. We describe our recent experience with the more distal (type 3) disease. METHODS: More than 500 pulmonary endarterectomies were performed at Foundation I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo (Pavia, Italy). Because of recent changes in the patient population, 331 endarterectomies performed from January 2008 to December 2013 were analyzed. Two groups of patients were identified according to the intraoperative classification: proximal (type 1 and type 2 lesions, 221 patients) and distal (type 3 lesions, 110 patients). RESULTS: The number of endarterectomies for distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension increased significantly over time (currently ∼37%). Deep venous thrombosis was confirmed as a risk factor for proximal disease, whereas patients with distal obstruction had a higher prevalence of indwelling intravascular devices. Overall hospital mortality was 6.9%, with no difference in the 2 groups. Postoperative survival was excellent. In all patients, surgery was followed by a significant and sustained improvement in hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and functional parameters, with no difference between proximal and distal cases. CONCLUSIONS: Although distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension represents the most challenging situation, the postoperative outcomes of both proximal and distal cases are excellent. The diagnosis of inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension should be achieved only in experienced centers, because many patients who have been deemed inoperable might benefit from favorable surgical outcomes.
Authors: Andrea M D'Armini; Anna Celentano; Alessia Alloni; Giuseppe Silvaggio; Cristian Monterosso; Carlo Pellegrini; Stefano Ghio Journal: Ann Cardiothorac Surg Date: 2022-03
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Authors: Nadine Al-Naamani; Gaudalupe Espitia H; Hugo Velazquez-Moreno; Benjamin Macuil-Chazaro; Arturo Serrano-Lopez; Ricardo S Vega-Barrientos; Nicholas S Hill; Ioana R Preston Journal: Lung Date: 2016-01-09 Impact factor: 2.584