Claire Maufrais1, Iris Schuster2, Grégory Doucende1, Damien Vitiello1, Thomas Rupp3, Michel Dauzat2, Philippe Obert1, Stéphane Nottin4. 1. Avignon University, LAPEC EA4278, Avignon, France. 2. EA 2992 - Dysfonctions des Interfaces Vasculaires, Faculté de Médecine, Université, Montpellier 1, Nîmes, France. 3. Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, Université de Savoie, Chambéry, France. 4. Avignon University, LAPEC EA4278, Avignon, France. Electronic address: stephane.nottin@univ-avignon.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to test the effect of endurance training on the age-related changes of left ventricular (LV) twist-untwist mechanics. Aging has been shown to induce a decline of diastolic function and more recently an impairment of twist-untwist mechanics, which constitutes an important factor for early diastolic suction and filling. On the other hand, endurance training has been shown to improve cardiac function. METHODS: Speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed in 106 endurance-trained male athletes and 75 controls (age range 18-70 years), divided into three groups according to age. RESULTS: From the younger to older age groups, progressive increases in LV apical rotation and twist angle and a decrease in LV untwisting rate during isovolumic relaxation time were observed. Athletes had lower systolic twist angles (P < .01) but higher untwist/twist ratios and LV untwisting rate during isovolumic relaxation time compared with controls, with the largest difference between senior groups (51 ± 24% vs 42 ± 22% in the young and 42 ± 29% vs 24 ± 25% in seniors, P < .001, respectively). The normal timing of untwisting rate occurring before radial displacement was preserved in athletes with increasing age, whereas it was blunted in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Endurance training does not prevent but minimizes changes in LV twist-untwist mechanics from young subjects to seniors. Athletes showed smaller increases of twist angle with age and smaller declines of LV untwisting rate during isovolumic relaxation time and untwist/twist ratio compared with controls. This training-improved preservation of LV twist-untwist mechanics is likely to play a key role for systolic-diastolic coupling and diastolic filling, particularly during exercise.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to test the effect of endurance training on the age-related changes of left ventricular (LV) twist-untwist mechanics. Aging has been shown to induce a decline of diastolic function and more recently an impairment of twist-untwist mechanics, which constitutes an important factor for early diastolic suction and filling. On the other hand, endurance training has been shown to improve cardiac function. METHODS: Speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed in 106 endurance-trained male athletes and 75 controls (age range 18-70 years), divided into three groups according to age. RESULTS: From the younger to older age groups, progressive increases in LV apical rotation and twist angle and a decrease in LV untwisting rate during isovolumic relaxation time were observed. Athletes had lower systolic twist angles (P < .01) but higher untwist/twist ratios and LV untwisting rate during isovolumic relaxation time compared with controls, with the largest difference between senior groups (51 ± 24% vs 42 ± 22% in the young and 42 ± 29% vs 24 ± 25% in seniors, P < .001, respectively). The normal timing of untwisting rate occurring before radial displacement was preserved in athletes with increasing age, whereas it was blunted in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Endurance training does not prevent but minimizes changes in LV twist-untwist mechanics from young subjects to seniors. Athletes showed smaller increases of twist angle with age and smaller declines of LV untwisting rate during isovolumic relaxation time and untwist/twist ratio compared with controls. This training-improved preservation of LV twist-untwist mechanics is likely to play a key role for systolic-diastolic coupling and diastolic filling, particularly during exercise.
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