[Use of nitrates in hypertension. Cardiac and peripheral effects before and during antihypertensive therapy at rest and during stress].

The acute effects of 1.6 mg glycerol trinitrate (2 x 0.8 mg) on the hemodynamic function were compared in 11 healthy subjects and 25 hypertensive patients (WHO stages I and II), at rest and during exercise. The nitrate testing was performed before the beginning of antihypertensive treatment, during nonmedical therapy, as well as under additional oral therapy with diisopropylamin. Right-heart-catheterization, echocardiography, radionuclide-ventriculography and venous occlusion plethysmography were performed. Nitroglycerin consistently led to a reduction of blood pressure in the systemic and pulmonary circulation both at rest and during exercise. There was a small decrease of peripheral arterial resistance (TPR) at rest and a more pronounced decrease of pulmonary arteriolar resistance (PAR) at rest and during exercise. The documented effects may be important with regard to combined antihypertensive treatment. In addition, the application of nitrates in hypertensive crises may be useful.