Stephane Richard-Devantoy1,2, Marcelo T Berlim1, Fabrice Jollant1. 1. a McGill University, Department of Psychiatry & Douglas Mental Health University Institute , McGill Group for Suicide Studies , Montréal , Québec , Canada. 2. b Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire EA 4638, Université de Nantes et Angers , France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Suicidal behaviour results from a complex interplay between stressful events and vulnerability factors, including cognitive deficits. It is not yet clear if memory impairment is part of this specific vulnerability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the association between memory deficits and vulnerability to suicidal acts. METHODS: A literature review was performed using Medline, Embase, and PsycInfo databases. Twenty-four studies (including 2,595 participants) met the selection criteria. Four different types of memory (i.e., working memory, short- and long-term memory, and autobiographical memory) were assessed in at least three different studies. RESULTS: Autobiographical memory was significantly less specific and more general in patients with a history of suicide attempt relative to those without such a history (Hedges' g = 0.8 and 0.9, respectively). Long-term memory and working memory were both more impaired in suicide attempters than in patient and healthy controls. Only short-term memory did not differentiate suicide attempters from patient controls. CONCLUSIONS: Memory may play a significant role in the risk of suicidal acts, perhaps by preventing these individuals from using past experiences to solve current problems and to envision the future, and by altering inhibitory processes. More studies are necessary to better clarify these relationships.
OBJECTIVES: Suicidal behaviour results from a complex interplay between stressful events and vulnerability factors, including cognitive deficits. It is not yet clear if memory impairment is part of this specific vulnerability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the association between memory deficits and vulnerability to suicidal acts. METHODS: A literature review was performed using Medline, Embase, and PsycInfo databases. Twenty-four studies (including 2,595 participants) met the selection criteria. Four different types of memory (i.e., working memory, short- and long-term memory, and autobiographical memory) were assessed in at least three different studies. RESULTS: Autobiographical memory was significantly less specific and more general in patients with a history of suicide attempt relative to those without such a history (Hedges' g = 0.8 and 0.9, respectively). Long-term memory and working memory were both more impaired in suicide attempters than in patient and healthy controls. Only short-term memory did not differentiate suicide attempters from patient controls. CONCLUSIONS: Memory may play a significant role in the risk of suicidal acts, perhaps by preventing these individuals from using past experiences to solve current problems and to envision the future, and by altering inhibitory processes. More studies are necessary to better clarify these relationships.
Entities:
Keywords:
autobiographical memory; short- and long-term memory; suicidal behaviour; vulnerability; working memory
Authors: Leslie A Brick; Marisa E Marraccini; Lauren Micalizzi; Chelsie E Benca-Bachman; Valerie S Knopik; Rohan H C Palmer Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2019-02-06 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Laura D Crocker; Amber V Keller; Sarah M Jurick; Jessica Bomyea; Chelsea C Hays; Elizabeth W Twamley; Amy J Jak Journal: J Int Neuropsychol Soc Date: 2018-11-16 Impact factor: 2.892
Authors: Jennifer A Y Johnston; Fei Wang; Jie Liu; Benjamin N Blond; Amanda Wallace; Jiacheng Liu; Linda Spencer; Elizabeth T Cox Lippard; Kirstin L Purves; Angeli Landeros-Weisenberger; Eric Hermes; Brian Pittman; Sheng Zhang; Robert King; Andrés Martin; Maria A Oquendo; Hilary P Blumberg Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2017-01-31 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Siyan Fan; Elizabeth T C Lippard; Anjali Sankar; Amanda Wallace; Jennifer A Y Johnston; Fei Wang; Brian Pittman; Linda Spencer; Maria A Oquendo; Hilary P Blumberg Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2018-11-22 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Alejandro Interian; Catherine E Myers; Megan S Chesin; Anna Kline; Lauren St Hill; Arlene R King; Rachael Miller; Miriam Latorre; Michael A Gara; Barbara H Stanley; John G Keilp Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2019-10-18 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Marianne Gorlyn; John Keilp; Ainsley Burke; Maria Oquendo; J John Mann; Michael Grunebaum Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2014-12-13 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Kymberly D Young; Wayne C Drevets; Robert Dantzer; T Kent Teague; Jerzy Bodurka; Jonathan Savitz Journal: Brain Behav Immun Date: 2016-04-29 Impact factor: 7.217
Authors: Donna Ruch; Arielle H Sheftall; Kendra Heck; Sandra M McBee-Strayer; Jaclyn Tissue; Brady Reynolds; John Ackerman; David A Brent; John V Campo; Jeffrey A Bridge Journal: J Psychiatr Res Date: 2020-09-02 Impact factor: 4.791