John B Jemmott1, Loretta S Jemmott2, Ann O'Leary3, Zolani Ngwane4, David A Lewis5, Scarlett L Bellamy6, Larry D Icard7, Craig Carty8, G Anita Heeren8, Joanne C Tyler9, Monde B Makiwane10, Anne Teitelman2. 1. Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania. 2. School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania. 3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 4. Department of Anthropology, Haverford College. 5. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. 6. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. 7. College of Health Professions and Social Work, Temple University. 8. Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. 9. Department of Statistics, University of Fort Hare. 10. Human Resources Research Council.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Little research has tested HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk-reduction interventions' effects on early adolescents as they age into middle and late adolescence. This study tested whether intervention-induced reductions in unprotected intercourse during a 12-month period endured over a 54-month period and whether the intervention reduced the prevalence of STIs, which increase risk for HIV. METHOD: Grade 6 learners (mean age = 12.4 years) participated in a 12-month trial in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, in which 9 matched pairs of schools were randomly selected and within pairs randomized to a theory-based HIV/STI risk-reduction intervention or an attention-control intervention. They completed 42- and 54-month postintervention measures of unprotected intercourse (the primary outcome), other sexual behaviors, theoretical constructs, and, at 42- and 54-month follow-up only, biologically confirmed curable STIs (chlamydial infection, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis) and herpes simplex virus 2. RESULTS: The HIV/STI risk-reduction intervention reduced unprotected intercourse averaged over the entire follow-up period (OR = 0.42, 95% CI [0.22, 0.84]), an effect not significantly reduced at 42- and 54-month follow-up compared with 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. The intervention caused positive changes on theoretical constructs averaged over the 5 follow-ups, although most effects weakened at long-term follow-up. Although the intervention's main effect on STIs was nonsignificant, an Intervention Condition × Time interaction revealed that it significantly reduced curable STIs at 42-month follow-up in adolescents who reported sexual experience. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that theory-based behavioral interventions with early adolescents can have long-lived effects in the context of a generalized severe HIV epidemic. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: Little research has tested HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk-reduction interventions' effects on early adolescents as they age into middle and late adolescence. This study tested whether intervention-induced reductions in unprotected intercourse during a 12-month period endured over a 54-month period and whether the intervention reduced the prevalence of STIs, which increase risk for HIV. METHOD: Grade 6 learners (mean age = 12.4 years) participated in a 12-month trial in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, in which 9 matched pairs of schools were randomly selected and within pairs randomized to a theory-based HIV/STI risk-reduction intervention or an attention-control intervention. They completed 42- and 54-month postintervention measures of unprotected intercourse (the primary outcome), other sexual behaviors, theoretical constructs, and, at 42- and 54-month follow-up only, biologically confirmed curable STIs (chlamydial infection, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis) and herpes simplex virus 2. RESULTS: The HIV/STI risk-reduction intervention reduced unprotected intercourse averaged over the entire follow-up period (OR = 0.42, 95% CI [0.22, 0.84]), an effect not significantly reduced at 42- and 54-month follow-up compared with 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. The intervention caused positive changes on theoretical constructs averaged over the 5 follow-ups, although most effects weakened at long-term follow-up. Although the intervention's main effect on STIs was nonsignificant, an Intervention Condition × Time interaction revealed that it significantly reduced curable STIs at 42-month follow-up in adolescents who reported sexual experience. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that theory-based behavioral interventions with early adolescents can have long-lived effects in the context of a generalized severe HIV epidemic. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).
Authors: John B Jemmott; Loretta S Jemmott; Ann O'Leary; Zolani Ngwane; Larry D Icard; Scarlett L Bellamy; Shasta F Jones; J Richard Landis; G Anita Heeren; Joanne C Tyler; Monde B Makiwane Journal: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med Date: 2010-10
Authors: Kristien Michielsen; Matthew F Chersich; Stanley Luchters; Petra De Koker; Ronan Van Rossem; Marleen Temmerman Journal: AIDS Date: 2010-05-15 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: B F Stanton; X Li; J Kahihuata; A M Fitzgerald; S Neumbo; G Kanduuombe; I B Ricardo; J S Galbraith; N Terreri; I Guevara; H Shipena; J Strijdom; R Clemens; R F Zimba Journal: AIDS Date: 1998-12-24 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: John B Jemmott; Loretta S Jemmott; Ann O'Leary; Zolani Ngwane; Larry Icard; Scarlett Bellamy; Shasta Jones; J Richard Landis; G Anita Heeren; Joanne C Tyler; Monde B Makiwane Journal: Psychol Health Date: 2011-02
Authors: Frances M Cowan; Sophie J S Pascoe; Lisa F Langhaug; Webster Mavhu; Samson Chidiya; Shabbar Jaffar; Michael T Mbizvo; Judith M Stephenson; Anne M Johnson; Robert M Power; Godfrey Woelk; Richard J Hayes Journal: AIDS Date: 2010-10-23 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: Aoife M Doyle; David A Ross; Kaballa Maganja; Kathy Baisley; Clemens Masesa; Aura Andreasen; Mary L Plummer; Angela I N Obasi; Helen A Weiss; Saidi Kapiga; Deborah Watson-Jones; John Changalucha; Richard J Hayes Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2010-06-08 Impact factor: 11.069
Authors: John B Jemmott; Alisa Stephens-Shields; Ann O'Leary; Loretta Sweet Jemmott; Anne Teitelman; Zolani Ngwane; Xoliswa Mtose Journal: Prev Med Date: 2015-01-04 Impact factor: 4.018
Authors: Larry D Icard; John B Jemmott; Craig Carty; Ann O'Leary; Lulama Sidloyi; Janet Hsu; JoAnn Tyler; Omar Martinez Journal: Prev Sci Date: 2017-07
Authors: Anne M Teitelman; John B Jemmott; Scarlett L Bellamy; Larry D Icard; Ann O'Leary; G Anita Heeren; Zolani Ngwane; Sarah J Ratcliffe Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2016-04-25 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: Deepti Chittamuru; Victoria Frye; Beryl A Koblin; Bridgette Brawner; Hong-Van Tieu; Annet Davis; Anne Teitelman Journal: Stigma Health Date: 2019-10-31
Authors: Catherine Mathews; Sander M Eggers; Loraine Townsend; Leif E Aarø; Petrus J de Vries; Amanda J Mason-Jones; Petra De Koker; Tracy McClinton Appollis; Yolisa Mtshizana; Joy Koech; Annegreet Wubs; Hein De Vries Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2016-09