Jin Sook Lee1, Christine K Byun1, Hunmin Kim2, Byung Chan Lim1, Hee Hwang2, Ji Eun Choi3, Yong Seung Hwang1, Moon-Woo Seong4, Sung Sup Park4, Ki Joong Kim5, Jong-Hee Chae6. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Pediatrics, SMG-SNU Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: pednr@plaza.snu.ac.kr. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: chaeped1@snu.ac.kr.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is one of the neurodevelopmental disorders caused by mutations of epigenetic genes. The CREBBP gene is the most common causative gene, encoding the CREB-binding protein with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, an epigenetic modulator. To date, there have been few reports on the structural abnormalities of the brain in RSTS patients. In addition, there are no reports on the analysis of CREBBP mutations in Korean RSTS patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed mutational analyses on 16 unrelated patients with RSTS, with diagnosis based on the typical clinical features. Their medical records and brain MRI images were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Ten of 16 patients (62.5%) had mutations in the CREBBP gene. The mutations included five frameshift mutations (31.2%), two nonsense mutations (12.5%), and three multiexon deletions (18.8%). There were no remarkable significant differences in the clinical features between those with and without a CREBBP mutation, although brain MRI abnormalities were more frequently observed in those with a CREBBP mutation. Seven of 10 patients in whom brain imaging was performed had structural abnormalities, including Chiari malformation type 1, thinning of the corpus callosum, and delayed myelination. There were no differences in delayed development or cognitive impairment between those with and without abnormal brain images, while epilepsy was involved in two patients who had abnormalities on brain MRI images. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated the spectrum of CREBBP mutations in Korean patients with RSTS for the first time. Eight novel mutations extended the genetic spectrum of CREBBP mutations in RSTS patients. This is also the first study showing the prevalence and spectrum of abnormalities on brain MRI in RSTS patients.
OBJECTIVE:Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is one of the neurodevelopmental disorders caused by mutations of epigenetic genes. The CREBBP gene is the most common causative gene, encoding the CREB-binding protein with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, an epigenetic modulator. To date, there have been few reports on the structural abnormalities of the brain in RSTSpatients. In addition, there are no reports on the analysis of CREBBP mutations in Korean RSTSpatients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed mutational analyses on 16 unrelated patients with RSTS, with diagnosis based on the typical clinical features. Their medical records and brain MRI images were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Ten of 16 patients (62.5%) had mutations in the CREBBP gene. The mutations included five frameshift mutations (31.2%), two nonsense mutations (12.5%), and three multiexon deletions (18.8%). There were no remarkable significant differences in the clinical features between those with and without a CREBBP mutation, although brain MRI abnormalities were more frequently observed in those with a CREBBP mutation. Seven of 10 patients in whom brain imaging was performed had structural abnormalities, including Chiari malformation type 1, thinning of the corpus callosum, and delayed myelination. There were no differences in delayed development or cognitive impairment between those with and without abnormal brain images, while epilepsy was involved in two patients who had abnormalities on brain MRI images. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated the spectrum of CREBBP mutations in Korean patients with RSTS for the first time. Eight novel mutations extended the genetic spectrum of CREBBP mutations in RSTSpatients. This is also the first study showing the prevalence and spectrum of abnormalities on brain MRI in RSTSpatients.
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