Identification of novel copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD) genes in kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus.

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) protect cells from superoxides, but in invertebrates, they also have role in the innate immune system. In this study, the genes for five isoforms of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (MjCu/ZnSOD) gene were identified and sequenced in kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus. The coding parts of the genes ranged from 516 to 585 bp in length and encoded from 172 to 194 amino acids. Structure, phylogenetic and BLAST analyses indicated that MjCu/ZnSOD isoform_3 and _5 belonged to extracellular Cu/ZnSOD (ecSOD) group while the other three isoforms belong to the intracellular Cu/ZnSOD family. In healthy shrimp, the highest expressions of isoform 2, 3 and 4 were in the gills, whereas the expression of isoform 5 was highest in hemocytes. Challenging the shrimp with WSSV and Vibrio penaeicida up-regulated the mRNA expressions of isoforms 3 and 5, suggesting that these isoforms have roles in the innate immune system of kuruma shrimp.