Ayse Pinar Cemeroglu1, Argun Can2, Alan T Davis3, Ozlem Cemeroglu4, Lora Kleis5, Maala S Daniel1, Jessica Bustraan5, Tracy J Koehler6. 1. Spectrum Health Medical Group, Pediatric Endocrinology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan. 2. Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan. 3. Grand Rapids Medical Education Partners (GRMEP), Grand Rapids, Michigan Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan. 4. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Turgut Ozal University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. 5. Spectrum Health Medical Group, Pediatric Endocrinology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan. 6. Grand Rapids Medical Education Partners (GRMEP), Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of fear of needles and its effect on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) on multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). METHODS: Patients aged 6 to 17 years with T1DM on MDI or CSII (n = 150) were enrolled. All caregivers and patients aged ≥11 years completed a "Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-testing Questionnaire" (D-FISQ). Needle phobia was defined as a score ≥6 for fear of self-testing (FST), fear of injections (FI), and fear of infusion-site changes (FISC). RESULTS: Positive FST scores were noted in 10.0% and positive FI or FISC scores in 32.7% (caregivers' responses). Patients aged 6 to 10 years on CSII had greater fear (FISC) than those on MDI (FI) (P = .010). FST was inversely related to the number of daily blood sugar checks (P = .003). Patients with positive scores for FI/FISC or FST had significantly higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels than those without. An inverse association was noted between positive FI/FISC scores and age of the patient (P = .029). Based on patient responses, FST severity was directly related to the age of the patient (P = .013). CONCLUSION: Needle phobia is common in children with T1DM. Although FI/FISC are more common in younger children, especially in those on CSII, FST is more often encountered in older patients. Patients with a more intense fear of needles have higher HbA1c levels and less frequent blood sugar monitoring. Identifying these patients may help improve glycemic control.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of fear of needles and its effect on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) on multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). METHODS:Patients aged 6 to 17 years with T1DM on MDI or CSII (n = 150) were enrolled. All caregivers and patients aged ≥11 years completed a "Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-testing Questionnaire" (D-FISQ). Needle phobia was defined as a score ≥6 for fear of self-testing (FST), fear of injections (FI), and fear of infusion-site changes (FISC). RESULTS: Positive FST scores were noted in 10.0% and positive FI or FISC scores in 32.7% (caregivers' responses). Patients aged 6 to 10 years on CSII had greater fear (FISC) than those on MDI (FI) (P = .010). FST was inversely related to the number of daily blood sugar checks (P = .003). Patients with positive scores for FI/FISC or FST had significantly higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels than those without. An inverse association was noted between positive FI/FISC scores and age of the patient (P = .029). Based on patient responses, FST severity was directly related to the age of the patient (P = .013). CONCLUSION:Needle phobia is common in children with T1DM. Although FI/FISC are more common in younger children, especially in those on CSII, FST is more often encountered in older patients. Patients with a more intense fear of needles have higher HbA1c levels and less frequent blood sugar monitoring. Identifying these patients may help improve glycemic control.
Authors: Parbeen Singh; I'jaaz Muhammad; Nicole E Nelson; Khanh T M Tran; Tra Vinikoor; Meysam T Chorsi; Ethan D'Orio; Thanh D Nguyen Journal: Drug Deliv Transl Res Date: 2022-05-10 Impact factor: 5.671
Authors: Ayman A Al Hayek; Asirvatham A Robert; Saleha Babli; Khuloud Almonea; Mohamed A Al Dawish Journal: Diabetes Ther Date: 2016-12-19 Impact factor: 2.945