BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers are urgently needed for both early and accurate diagnosis and prediction of disease progression. Past research has studied blood-based proteins as potential AD biomarkers, revealing many candidate proteins. To date only limited effort has been made to investigate the disease specificity of AD candidate proteins and whether these proteins are also involved in other neurodegenerative or psychiatric conditions. OBJECTIVE: This review seeks to determine if blood-based AD candidate protein biomarkers are disease specific. METHODS: A two-stage systematic literature search was conducted. Firstly, the most consistently identified AD protein biomarkers in blood were determined from a list of published discovery or panel-based (>100 proteins) blood proteomics studies in AD. Secondly, an online database search was conducted using the 10 most consistently identified proteins to determine if they were involved in other brain disorders, namely frontotemporal lobe dementia, vascular dementia, Lewy body disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, depression, and autism. RESULTS: Among the reviewed candidate proteins, plasma protease C1 inhibitor, pancreatic prohormone, and fibrinogen γ chain were found to have the least evidence for non-specificity to AD. All other candidates were found to be affected by other brain disorders. CONCLUSION: Since we found evidence that the majority of AD candidate proteins might also be involved in other brain disorders, more research into the disease specificity of AD protein biomarkers is required.
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers are urgently needed for both early and accurate diagnosis and prediction of disease progression. Past research has studied blood-based proteins as potential AD biomarkers, revealing many candidate proteins. To date only limited effort has been made to investigate the disease specificity of AD candidate proteins and whether these proteins are also involved in other neurodegenerative or psychiatric conditions. OBJECTIVE: This review seeks to determine if blood-based AD candidate protein biomarkers are disease specific. METHODS: A two-stage systematic literature search was conducted. Firstly, the most consistently identified AD protein biomarkers in blood were determined from a list of published discovery or panel-based (>100 proteins) blood proteomics studies in AD. Secondly, an online database search was conducted using the 10 most consistently identified proteins to determine if they were involved in other brain disorders, namely frontotemporal lobe dementia, vascular dementia, Lewy body disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, depression, and autism. RESULTS: Among the reviewed candidate proteins, plasma protease C1 inhibitor, pancreatic prohormone, and fibrinogen γ chain were found to have the least evidence for non-specificity to AD. All other candidates were found to be affected by other brain disorders. CONCLUSION: Since we found evidence that the majority of AD candidate proteins might also be involved in other brain disorders, more research into the disease specificity of AD protein biomarkers is required.
Entities:
Keywords:
Alzheimer's disease biomarker; Parkinson's disease; autism; blood; cross-disorder comparison; depression; other types of dementia; proteins; schizophrenia
Authors: Edmond Teng; Nicole Chow; Kristy S Hwang; Paul M Thompson; Karen H Gylys; Gregory M Cole; Clifford R Jack; Leslie M Shaw; John Q Trojanowski; Holly D Soares; Michael W Weiner; Liana G Apostolova Journal: Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Date: 2014-12-24 Impact factor: 2.959
Authors: Jason D Cooper; Sureyya Ozcan; Renee M Gardner; Nitin Rustogi; Susanne Wicks; Geertje F van Rees; F Markus Leweke; Christina Dalman; Håkan Karlsson; Sabine Bahn Journal: Transl Psychiatry Date: 2017-12-18 Impact factor: 6.222
Authors: Philipp A Jaeger; Kurt M Lucin; Markus Britschgi; Badri Vardarajan; Ruo-Pan Huang; Elizabeth D Kirby; Rachelle Abbey; Bradley F Boeve; Adam L Boxer; Lindsay A Farrer; NiCole Finch; Neill R Graff-Radford; Elizabeth Head; Matan Hofree; Ruochun Huang; Hudson Johns; Anna Karydas; David S Knopman; Andrey Loboda; Eliezer Masliah; Ramya Narasimhan; Ronald C Petersen; Alexei Podtelezhnikov; Suraj Pradhan; Rosa Rademakers; Chung-Huan Sun; Steven G Younkin; Bruce L Miller; Trey Ideker; Tony Wyss-Coray Journal: Mol Neurodegener Date: 2016-04-26 Impact factor: 14.195
Authors: Nicola Voyle; David Baker; Samantha C Burnham; Antonia Covin; Zhanpan Zhang; Dipen P Sangurdekar; Cristina A Tan Hehir; Chantal Bazenet; Simon Lovestone; Steven Kiddle; Richard J B Dobson Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2015 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: S J Kiddle; C J Steves; M Mehta; A Simmons; X Xu; S Newhouse; M Sattlecker; N J Ashton; C Bazenet; R Killick; J Adnan; E Westman; S Nelson; H Soininen; I Kloszewska; P Mecocci; M Tsolaki; B Vellas; C Curtis; G Breen; S C R Williams; S Lovestone; T D Spector; R J B Dobson Journal: Transl Psychiatry Date: 2015-06-16 Impact factor: 6.222