Alejandro A Diaz1, Linfu Zhou2, Tom P Young2, Merry-Lynn McDonald3, Rola Harmouche4, James C Ross4, Raul San Jose Estepar4, Emiel F M Wouters5, Harvey O Coxson6, William MacNee7, Stephen Rennard8, François Maltais9, Gregory L Kinney10, John E Hokanson10, George R Washko2. 1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115. Electronic address: ADiaz6@Partners.org. 2. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115. 3. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 4. Surgical Planning Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 5. Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. 6. Department of Radiology and James Hogg Research Centre, Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 7. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. 8. University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska. 9. Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada. 10. Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Computed tomography (CT) of the chest can be used to assess pectoralis muscle area (PMA) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area. Adipose tissue content is associated with inflammatory mediators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subjects. Based on gender differences in body composition, we aimed to assess the hypothesis that in subjects with COPD, the relationships between PMA, SAT, and blood biomarkers of inflammation differ by gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared chest CT measures of PMA and SAT on a single slice at aortic arch and supraesternal notch levels from 73 subjects (28 women) with COPD between genders. The relationships of PMA and SAT area to biomarkers were assessed using within-gender regression models. RESULTS: Women had a lesser PMA and a greater SAT area than men (difference range for PMA, 13.3-22.8 cm²; for SAT, 11.8-12.4 cm²; P < .05 for all comparisons) at both anatomic levels. These differences in PMA and SAT remained significant after adjustment for age and body mass index. Within-gender regression models adjusted for age showed that SAT was directly associated with C-reactive protein (for aortic arch level, P = .04) and fibrinogen (for both anatomic locations, P = .003) only in women, whereas PMA was not associated with any biomarkers in either gender. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that in subjects with COPD, there are gender-based differences in the relationships between subcutaneous adipose tissue and inflammatory biomarkers.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Computed tomography (CT) of the chest can be used to assess pectoralis muscle area (PMA) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area. Adipose tissue content is associated with inflammatory mediators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subjects. Based on gender differences in body composition, we aimed to assess the hypothesis that in subjects with COPD, the relationships between PMA, SAT, and blood biomarkers of inflammation differ by gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared chest CT measures of PMA and SAT on a single slice at aortic arch and supraesternal notch levels from 73 subjects (28 women) with COPD between genders. The relationships of PMA and SAT area to biomarkers were assessed using within-gender regression models. RESULTS: Women had a lesser PMA and a greater SAT area than men (difference range for PMA, 13.3-22.8 cm²; for SAT, 11.8-12.4 cm²; P < .05 for all comparisons) at both anatomic levels. These differences in PMA and SAT remained significant after adjustment for age and body mass index. Within-gender regression models adjusted for age showed that SAT was directly associated with C-reactive protein (for aortic arch level, P = .04) and fibrinogen (for both anatomic locations, P = .003) only in women, whereas PMA was not associated with any biomarkers in either gender. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that in subjects with COPD, there are gender-based differences in the relationships between subcutaneous adipose tissue and inflammatory biomarkers.
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