Carolina Portugal Vieira1, Agda Maria Oliveira2, Lilian Aparecida Colebrusco Rodas3, Margareth Regina Dibo4, Marluci Monteiro Guirado4, Francisco Chiaravalloti Neto5. 1. Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil. 4. Laboratório de Vetores de São José do Rio Preto, Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de São Paulo, São José do Rio Preto, SP. 5. Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In 1999, Birigui and Araçatuba were the first municipalities in the State of São Paulo to present autochthonous cases of visceral leishmaniasis in humans (VLH). The aim of this study was to describe the temporal, spatial and spatiotemporal behaviors of VLH in Birigui. METHODS: Secondary data were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System from 1999 to 2012. The incidence, mortality and case fatality rates by sex and age were calculated. The cases of VLH were geocoded and grouped according to census tracts. Local empirical Bayesian incidence rates were calculated. The existence of spatial and spatiotemporal clusters was investigated using SaTScan software. RESULTS: There were 156 confirmed cases of autochthonous VLH. The incidence rate was higher in the 0-4-year-old children, and the mortality and case fatality rates were higher in people aged 60 years and older. The peaks of incidence occurred in 2006 and 2011. The Bayesian rates identified the presence of VLH in all of the census tracts in the municipality; however, spatial and spatiotemporal clusters were found in the central area of the municipality. CONCLUSIONS: Birigui, located in the Araçatuba region, has recently experienced increasing numbers of VLH cases; this increase is contrary to the behavior observed over the entire region, which has shown a decreasing trend in the number of VLH cases. The observations that the highest incidence is in children 0-4 years old and the highest mortality is in people 60 years and older are in agreement with the expected patterns of VLH.
INTRODUCTION: In 1999, Birigui and Araçatuba were the first municipalities in the State of São Paulo to present autochthonous cases of visceral leishmaniasis in humans (VLH). The aim of this study was to describe the temporal, spatial and spatiotemporal behaviors of VLH in Birigui. METHODS: Secondary data were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System from 1999 to 2012. The incidence, mortality and case fatality rates by sex and age were calculated. The cases of VLH were geocoded and grouped according to census tracts. Local empirical Bayesian incidence rates were calculated. The existence of spatial and spatiotemporal clusters was investigated using SaTScan software. RESULTS: There were 156 confirmed cases of autochthonous VLH. The incidence rate was higher in the 0-4-year-old children, and the mortality and case fatality rates were higher in people aged 60 years and older. The peaks of incidence occurred in 2006 and 2011. The Bayesian rates identified the presence of VLH in all of the census tracts in the municipality; however, spatial and spatiotemporal clusters were found in the central area of the municipality. CONCLUSIONS: Birigui, located in the Araçatuba region, has recently experienced increasing numbers of VLH cases; this increase is contrary to the behavior observed over the entire region, which has shown a decreasing trend in the number of VLH cases. The observations that the highest incidence is in children 0-4 years old and the highest mortality is in people 60 years and older are in agreement with the expected patterns of VLH.
Authors: Caroline A Bulstra; Epke A Le Rutte; Paritosh Malaviya; Epco C Hasker; Luc E Coffeng; Albert Picado; Om Prakash Singh; Marleen C Boelaert; Sake J de Vlas; Shyam Sundar Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2018-12-06
Authors: Luciana de Freitas Campos Miranda; Raquel da Silva Pacheco; Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel; Mariza de Matos Salgueiro; Aline Fagundes da Silva; Cíntia Xavier de Mello; Juliana Helena da Silva Barros; Claudia Maria Valete-Rosalino; Maria de Fátima Madeira; Samanta Cristina das Chagas Xavier; Armando de Oliveira Schubach Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2019-11-15