Manish Sadarangani1, David W Scheifele2, Scott A Halperin3, Wendy Vaudry4, Nicole Le Saux5, Raymond Tsang6, Julie A Bettinger2. 1. Vaccine Evaluation Center, Division of Infectious and Immunological Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. 2. Vaccine Evaluation Center, Division of Infectious and Immunological Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 3. Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia. 4. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital and University of Alberta, Edmonton. 5. Division of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa. 6. Vaccine Preventable Bacterial Diseases, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Before 2001, the incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Canada was 1.0 per 100 000 per year, with 40% of cases caused by serogroup C organisms. During 2001-2005 all provinces introduced the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MCCV) into their routine infant immunization schedule. METHODS: Active, prospective, population-based surveillance of IMD in children and adults was conducted by the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program, ACTive (IMPACT) during 2002-2012. Inclusion criteria were admission to hospital and identification of Neisseria meningitidis from a sterile site. Incidence was estimated using population census data from Statistics Canada. RESULTS: Prior to MCCV introduction, serogroup C disease incidence was 0.07-0.25 per 100 000 per year depending on the province. Following vaccine introduction, serogroup C disease decreased to <0.05 per 100 000 per year, with a reduction of 14% per year (P = .0014). A decrease occurred in all provinces, despite differing schedules being implemented. The largest decrease of 83% (from 0.27 to 0.05 per 100 000 per year) occurred in the 15-24 year age group (P = .0100) who were not vaccinated in all provinces. There was no impact on the incidence of nonserogroup C disease over the same period (P = .9811). CONCLUSIONS: MCCV dramatically reduced the incidence of serogroup C IMD in Canada through both direct and indirect effects. The observation that disease incidence decreased with different schedules suggests that the doses at 12 months (common to all provinces) and adolescence (7 of 8 provinces studied) were critical in achieving disease control.
BACKGROUND: Before 2001, the incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Canada was 1.0 per 100 000 per year, with 40% of cases caused by serogroup C organisms. During 2001-2005 all provinces introduced the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MCCV) into their routine infant immunization schedule. METHODS: Active, prospective, population-based surveillance of IMD in children and adults was conducted by the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program, ACTive (IMPACT) during 2002-2012. Inclusion criteria were admission to hospital and identification of Neisseria meningitidis from a sterile site. Incidence was estimated using population census data from Statistics Canada. RESULTS: Prior to MCCV introduction, serogroup C disease incidence was 0.07-0.25 per 100 000 per year depending on the province. Following vaccine introduction, serogroup C disease decreased to <0.05 per 100 000 per year, with a reduction of 14% per year (P = .0014). A decrease occurred in all provinces, despite differing schedules being implemented. The largest decrease of 83% (from 0.27 to 0.05 per 100 000 per year) occurred in the 15-24 year age group (P = .0100) who were not vaccinated in all provinces. There was no impact on the incidence of nonserogroup C disease over the same period (P = .9811). CONCLUSIONS: MCCV dramatically reduced the incidence of serogroup C IMD in Canada through both direct and indirect effects. The observation that disease incidence decreased with different schedules suggests that the doses at 12 months (common to all provinces) and adolescence (7 of 8 provinces studied) were critical in achieving disease control.
Authors: C Hal Jones; Naglaa Mohamed; Eduardo Rojas; Lubomira Andrew; Johanna Hoyos; Julio C Hawkins; Lisa K McNeil; Qin Jiang; Leonard W Mayer; Xin Wang; Rodica Gilca; Philippe De Wals; Louise Pedneault; Joseph Eiden; Kathrin U Jansen; Annaliesa S Anderson Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2015-08-26 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Joan L Robinson; Sergio Fanella; Alison Lopez; Craig Frankel; Jane McDonald; Mohammad Alghounaim; Robert Slinger; Jennifer Bowes; Sarah Khan; Jeannette L Comeau; Kirk Leifso; John Gunawan; Michelle Barton Journal: Can Commun Dis Rep Date: 2020-10-01
Authors: Thomas E Delea; Derek Weycker; Mark Atwood; Dion Neame; Fabián P Alvarez; Evelyn Forget; Joanne M Langley; Ayman Chit Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-05-04 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Scott Vuocolo; Paul Balmer; William C Gruber; Kathrin U Jansen; Annaliesa S Anderson; John L Perez; Laura J York Journal: Hum Vaccin Immunother Date: 2018-04-13 Impact factor: 3.452
Authors: Karina A Top; Kristine Macartney; Julie A Bettinger; Ben Tan; Christopher C Blyth; Helen S Marshall; Wendy Vaudry; Scott A Halperin; Peter McIntyre Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2020-06