Health and illness self-care in adolescents with IDDM: a test of Orem's theory.

Orem's theory suggests that different self-care actions are necessary to meet requisites related to health (universal self-care) and illness (health-deviation self-care). The authors differentiate these types of self-care, propose hypotheses relating these concepts to other concepts in Orem's theory, and test them in a sample of adolescents with diabetes mellitus. As predicted, universal self-care is significantly related to a measure of the global health state, and health-deviation self-care is related to control of pathology. The findings provide direction for additional research and theory development.