Barbara Menart-Houtermans1, Ruth Rütter1, Bettina Nowotny2, Joachim Rosenbauer3, Chrysi Koliaki1, Sabine Kahl1, Marie-Christine Simon1, Julia Szendroedi4, Nanette C Schloot2, Michael Roden5. 1. Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. 2. Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. 3. German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. 4. Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Clinics Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. 5. Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Clinics Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany michael.roden@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Altered immune reactivity precedes and accompanies type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the metabolic phenotype relates to the systemic cellular immune status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 194 metabolically well-controlled patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 62, mean diabetes duration 1.29 years) or type 2 diabetes (n = 132, 1.98 years) and 60 normoglycemic persons underwent blood sampling for automated white blood cell counting (WBC) and flow cytometry. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was measured with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp tests. RESULTS: Patients with type 2 diabetes had higher WBC counts than control subjects along with a higher percentage of T cells and activated T helper (Th) and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells but lower proportions of natural killer (NK) cells. In type 1 diabetes, the percentage of activated Th and Tc cells was also higher compared with control subjects, whereas the ratio of regulatory T (Treg) cells to activated Th cells was lower, suggesting diminished regulatory capacity. Parameters of glycemic control related positively to Treg cells only in type 2 diabetes. Upon age, sex, and body mass adjustments, insulin sensitivity correlated positively with monocytes, while circulating lipids correlated positively with T cell subsets in type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Immune cell phenotypes showed distinct frequencies of occurrence in both diabetes types and associate with insulin sensitivity, glycemia, and lipidemia.
OBJECTIVE: Altered immune reactivity precedes and accompanies type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the metabolic phenotype relates to the systemic cellular immune status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 194 metabolically well-controlled patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 62, mean diabetes duration 1.29 years) or type 2 diabetes (n = 132, 1.98 years) and 60 normoglycemic persons underwent blood sampling for automated white blood cell counting (WBC) and flow cytometry. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was measured with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp tests. RESULTS:Patients with type 2 diabetes had higher WBC counts than control subjects along with a higher percentage of T cells and activated T helper (Th) and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells but lower proportions of natural killer (NK) cells. In type 1 diabetes, the percentage of activated Th and Tc cells was also higher compared with control subjects, whereas the ratio of regulatory T (Treg) cells to activated Th cells was lower, suggesting diminished regulatory capacity. Parameters of glycemic control related positively to Treg cells only in type 2 diabetes. Upon age, sex, and body mass adjustments, insulin sensitivity correlated positively with monocytes, while circulating lipids correlated positively with T cell subsets in type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Immune cell phenotypes showed distinct frequencies of occurrence in both diabetes types and associate with insulin sensitivity, glycemia, and lipidemia.
Authors: Nels C Olson; Margaret F Doyle; Colleen M Sitlani; Ian H de Boer; Stephen S Rich; Sally A Huber; Alan L Landay; Russell P Tracy; Bruce M Psaty; Joseph A Delaney Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2020-03-01 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Julia Szendroedi; Aaruni Saxena; Katharina S Weber; Klaus Strassburger; Christian Herder; Volker Burkart; Bettina Nowotny; Andrea Icks; Oliver Kuss; Dan Ziegler; Hadi Al-Hasani; Karsten Müssig; Michael Roden Journal: Cardiovasc Diabetol Date: 2016-04-07 Impact factor: 9.951