Amy E Mendham1, Rob Duffield2, Frank Marino3, Aaron J Coutts2. 1. School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University, Australia. Electronic address: amendham@csu.edu.au. 2. Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, UTS: Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia. 3. School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effect of a 12-week sports-based exercise intervention on glucose regulation, anthropometry and inflammatory markers associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indigenous Australian men. DESIGN:Twenty-six inactive Indigenous Australian men (48.6±6.6 years) were randomized into exercise (n=16) or control (n=10)conditions. METHODS: Training included ∼2-3 days/week for 12 weeks of sports and gym exercises in a group environment, whilst control participants maintained normal activity and dietary patterns. Pre- and post-intervention testing included: anthropometry, peak aerobic capacity, fasting blood chemistry of inflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, leptin, cholesterol, glucose, insulin and C-peptide. An oral glucose tolerance test measured glucose, insulin and C-peptide 30, 60, 90 and 120min post 75g glucose ingestion. RESULTS: The exercise condition decreased insulin area under the curve (25±22%), increased estimated insulin sensitivity (35±62%) and decreased insulin resistance (9±35%; p<0.05), compared with control (p>0.05). The exercise condition decreased in body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio (p<0.05), compared to control (p>0.05). Leptin decreased in the exercise group, with no changes for adiponectin (p>0.05) or inflammatory markers (p>0.05) in either condition. Aerobic fitness variables showed significant increases in peak oxygen consumption for the exercise condition compared to no change in control (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate positive clinical outcomes in metabolic, anthropometric and aerobic fitness variables. This study provides evidence for sport and group-based activities leading to improved clinical risk factors associated with T2DM development in clinically obese Indigenous Australian men.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effect of a 12-week sports-based exercise intervention on glucose regulation, anthropometry and inflammatory markers associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indigenous Australian men. DESIGN: Twenty-six inactive Indigenous Australian men (48.6±6.6 years) were randomized into exercise (n=16) or control (n=10)conditions. METHODS: Training included ∼2-3 days/week for 12 weeks of sports and gym exercises in a group environment, whilst control participants maintained normal activity and dietary patterns. Pre- and post-intervention testing included: anthropometry, peak aerobic capacity, fasting blood chemistry of inflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, leptin, cholesterol, glucose, insulin and C-peptide. An oral glucose tolerance test measured glucose, insulin and C-peptide 30, 60, 90 and 120min post 75g glucose ingestion. RESULTS: The exercise condition decreased insulin area under the curve (25±22%), increased estimated insulin sensitivity (35±62%) and decreased insulin resistance (9±35%; p<0.05), compared with control (p>0.05). The exercise condition decreased in body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio (p<0.05), compared to control (p>0.05). Leptin decreased in the exercise group, with no changes for adiponectin (p>0.05) or inflammatory markers (p>0.05) in either condition. Aerobic fitness variables showed significant increases in peak oxygen consumption for the exercise condition compared to no change in control (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate positive clinical outcomes in metabolic, anthropometric and aerobic fitness variables. This study provides evidence for sport and group-based activities leading to improved clinical risk factors associated with T2DM development in clinically obese Indigenous Australian men.
Authors: Michael V Fedewa; Elizabeth D Hathaway; Christie L Ward-Ritacco; Tyler D Williams; Ward C Dobbs Journal: Sports Med Date: 2018-06 Impact factor: 11.136
Authors: Karla J Canuto; Edoardo Aromataris; Teresa Burgess; Carol Davy; Andrea McKivett; Kate Schwartzkopff; Kootsy Canuto; Catalin Tufanaru; Craig Lockwood; Alex Brown Journal: Health Promot J Austr Date: 2019-12-09