A case of advanced lung cancer with malignant pericardial effusion treated by intrapericardial Cinobufacini injection instillation.

Malignant pericardial effusion is one of the severe complications in advanced lung cancer patients, seriously affecting the patient's cardiopulmonary function and even life. Pericardial drainage and instillation of anti-neoplastic drugs in the pericardial cavity seems to offer the best chance of controlling pericardial effusion. We reported a case concerning treatment of a 63-year-old man in advanced lung cancer with a large amount of pericardial effusion. We utilized pericardium puncture and drainage combined with instillation of Cinobufacini injection in the pericardial cavity to treat pericardial effusion. After treatment with Cinobufacini injection for two weeks, the patient was followed up in one month to assess effectiveness, quality of life, and safety. We found that the cardiac tamponade symptoms such as difficult breathing, chest distress, and palpitations were significantly relieved. The patient's quality of life was effectively improved with KPS scores increased. We also found that the levels of tumor marker CA-125 in the pericardial effusion decreased (from 340.80 U/mL to 34.85 U/mL) and pericardium B ultrasound showed that the quantity of pericardial effusion reduced significantly (from 2.5 cm to 0.6 cm). Furthermore, there were little gastrointestinal adverse reactions and myelosuppression in the patient after instillation of the Cinobufacini injection. Taken together, this provides a new way for treating cancerous pericardial effusion, especially for patients who cannot tolerate instillation of chemotherapy drugs, and is worthwhile to carry out more standardized studies in the future.