Eric A Biondi1, Matthew Mischler2, Karen E Jerardi3, Angela M Statile3, Jason French4, Rianna Evans5, Vivian Lee6, Clifford Chen7, Carl Asche8, Jinma Ren2, Samir S Shah9. 1. University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. 2. University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria. 3. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. 4. Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora. 5. The Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia. 6. Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. 7. Children's Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas. 8. University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria8College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago. 9. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio9Section Editor, JAMA Pediatrics.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Blood cultures are often obtained as part of the evaluation of infants with fever and these infants are typically observed until their cultures are determined to have no growth. However, the time to positivity of blood culture results in this population is not known. OBJECTIVE: To determine the time to positivity of blood culture results in febrile infants admitted to a general inpatient unit. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional evaluation of blood culture time to positivity. Data were collected by community and academic hospital systems associated with the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings Network. The study included febrile infants 90 days of age or younger with bacteremia and without surgical histories outside of an intensive care unit. EXPOSURES: Blood culture growing pathogenic bacteria. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Time to positivity and proportion of positive blood culture results that become positive more than 24 hours after placement in the analyzer. RESULTS: A total of 392 pathogenic blood cultures were included from 17 hospital systems across the United States. The mean (SD) time to positivity was 15.41 (8.30) hours. By 24 hours, 91% (95% CI, 88-93) had turned positive. By 36 and 48 hours, 96% (95% CI, 95-98) and 99% (95% CI, 97-100) had become positive, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Most pathogens in febrile, bacteremic infants 90 days of age or younger hospitalized on a general inpatient unit will be identified within 24 hours of collection. These data suggest that inpatient observation of febrile infants for more than 24 hours may be unnecessary in most infants.
IMPORTANCE: Blood cultures are often obtained as part of the evaluation of infants with fever and these infants are typically observed until their cultures are determined to have no growth. However, the time to positivity of blood culture results in this population is not known. OBJECTIVE: To determine the time to positivity of blood culture results in febrile infants admitted to a general inpatient unit. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional evaluation of blood culture time to positivity. Data were collected by community and academic hospital systems associated with the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings Network. The study included febrile infants 90 days of age or younger with bacteremia and without surgical histories outside of an intensive care unit. EXPOSURES: Blood culture growing pathogenic bacteria. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Time to positivity and proportion of positive blood culture results that become positive more than 24 hours after placement in the analyzer. RESULTS: A total of 392 pathogenic blood cultures were included from 17 hospital systems across the United States. The mean (SD) time to positivity was 15.41 (8.30) hours. By 24 hours, 91% (95% CI, 88-93) had turned positive. By 36 and 48 hours, 96% (95% CI, 95-98) and 99% (95% CI, 97-100) had become positive, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Most pathogens in febrile, bacteremic infants 90 days of age or younger hospitalized on a general inpatient unit will be identified within 24 hours of collection. These data suggest that inpatient observation of febrile infants for more than 24 hours may be unnecessary in most infants.
Authors: Paul L Aronson; Marie E Wang; Lise E Nigrovic; Samir S Shah; Sanyukta Desai; Christopher M Pruitt; Fran Balamuth; Laura Sartori; Richard D Marble; Sahar N Rooholamini; Rianna C Leazer; Christopher Woll; Adrienne G DePorre; Mark I Neuman Journal: Hosp Pediatr Date: 2018-07
Authors: Paul L Aronson; Todd W Lyons; Andrea T Cruz; Stephen B Freedman; Pamela J Okada; Alesia H Fleming; Joseph L Arms; Amy D Thompson; Suzanne M Schmidt; Jeffrey Louie; Michael J Alfonzo; Michael C Monuteaux; Lise E Nigrovic Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2017-07-10 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: Mei-Yan Chu; Ming-Jie Wang; Jin Lin; Ge Yang; Ying Ding; Zheng-Chang Liao; Chuan-Ding Cao; Shao-Jie Yue Journal: Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi Date: 2022-05-15
Authors: Elana A Feldman; Russell J McCulloh; Angela L Myers; Paul L Aronson; Mark I Neuman; Miranda C Bradford; Elizabeth R Alpern; Frances Balamuth; Mercedes M Blackstone; Whitney L Browning; Katie Hayes; Rosalynne Korman; Rianna C Leazer; Lise E Nigrovic; Richard Marble; Emily Roben; Derek J Williams; Joel S Tieder Journal: Hosp Pediatr Date: 2017-07-20
Authors: Elizabeth R Alpern; Nathan Kuppermann; Stephen Blumberg; Genie Roosevelt; Andrea T Cruz; Lise E Nigrovic; Lorin R Browne; John M VanBuren; Octavio Ramilo; Prashant Mahajan Journal: Hosp Pediatr Date: 2020-09
Authors: Anne J Blaschke; E Kent Korgenski; Jacob Wilkes; Angela P Presson; Emily A Thorell; Andrew T Pavia; Elizabeth D Knackstedt; Carolyn Reynolds; Jeff E Schunk; Judy A Daly; Carrie L Byington Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2018-01-17 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Emily L Mueller; Kelly J Walkovich; Rajen Mody; Achamyeleh Gebremariam; Matthew M Davis Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2015-05-10 Impact factor: 4.430