Maja Sočan1, Katarina Prosenc2, Veronika Učakar3, Nataša Berginc4. 1. Centre for Communicable Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: maja.socan@nijz.si. 2. Laboratory for Public Health Virology, National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, Bohoričeva 15, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: katarina.prosenc@nlzoh.si. 3. Centre for Communicable Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: veronika.ucakar@nijz.si. 4. Laboratory for Public Health Virology, National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, Bohoričeva 15, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address: natasa.berginc@nlzoh.si.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The evolution of influenza viruses is characterized by the co-circulation of two antigenically and genetically distinct lineages B/Victoria/2/87-like viruses (Victoria) and B/Yamagata/16/88-like viruses (Yamagata). To date, there is not much data associating lineages variation with demographic and clinical data. OBJECTIVES: We compared the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza B Victoria or Yamagata lineage infection. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively analyzed data from 6811 patients aged from <1 through 99 years with influenza like-illness who consulted the sentinel site or sentinel hospital in the seasons 2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. There were 662 patients positive for influenza B virus by multiplex real-time RT-PCR. Six hundred thirty-seven (96.8%) were successfully subtyped for Victoria or Yamagata lineage infection. The available demographic and clinical data was compared. RESULTS: Patients with the Victoria lineage were significantly younger compared to patients infected with the Yamagata lineage. The Victoria lineage was the predominant strain in the 15-34 age groups in patients consulting at primary care level and in hospitalized patients. In the youngest age group (0-4 years) approximately half of the confirmed influenza B cases belonged to the Victoria (55%) and the rest to the Yamagata lineage (45%). Aside from age, there was no statistically significant difference found in gender distribution, vaccination history, clinical presentation or risk factors for severe influenza infection in hospitalized patients after adjustment for the age. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of influenza B Victoria and Yamagata infection is age dependent with no significant differences detected in clinical presentation comparing both lineages.
BACKGROUND: The evolution of influenza viruses is characterized by the co-circulation of two antigenically and genetically distinct lineages B/Victoria/2/87-like viruses (Victoria) and B/Yamagata/16/88-like viruses (Yamagata). To date, there is not much data associating lineages variation with demographic and clinical data. OBJECTIVES: We compared the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza B Victoria or Yamagata lineage infection. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively analyzed data from 6811 patients aged from <1 through 99 years with influenza like-illness who consulted the sentinel site or sentinel hospital in the seasons 2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. There were 662 patients positive for influenza B virus by multiplex real-time RT-PCR. Six hundred thirty-seven (96.8%) were successfully subtyped for Victoria or Yamagata lineage infection. The available demographic and clinical data was compared. RESULTS:Patients with the Victoria lineage were significantly younger compared to patients infected with the Yamagata lineage. The Victoria lineage was the predominant strain in the 15-34 age groups in patients consulting at primary care level and in hospitalized patients. In the youngest age group (0-4 years) approximately half of the confirmed influenza B cases belonged to the Victoria (55%) and the rest to the Yamagata lineage (45%). Aside from age, there was no statistically significant difference found in gender distribution, vaccination history, clinical presentation or risk factors for severe influenza infection in hospitalized patients after adjustment for the age. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of influenza B Victoria and Yamagata infection is age dependent with no significant differences detected in clinical presentation comparing both lineages.
Authors: Cuiling Xu; Kwok-Hung Chan; Tim K Tsang; Vicky J Fang; Rita O P Fung; Dennis K M Ip; Simon Cauchemez; Gabriel M Leung; J S Malik Peiris; Benjamin J Cowling Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2015-09-22 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Xiang Yong Oong; Kim Tien Ng; Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam; Yong Kek Pang; Kok Gan Chan; Nik Sherina Hanafi; Adeeba Kamarulzaman; Kok Keng Tee Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-08-27 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna; Edward C Holmes; Udayan Joseph; Mathieu Fourment; Yvonne C F Su; Rebecca Halpin; Raphael T C Lee; Yi-Mo Deng; Vithiagaran Gunalan; Xudong Lin; Timothy B Stockwell; Nadia B Fedorova; Bin Zhou; Natalie Spirason; Denise Kühnert; Veronika Bošková; Tanja Stadler; Anna-Maria Costa; Dominic E Dwyer; Q Sue Huang; Lance C Jennings; William Rawlinson; Sheena G Sullivan; Aeron C Hurt; Sebastian Maurer-Stroh; David E Wentworth; Gavin J D Smith; Ian G Barr Journal: Elife Date: 2015-01-16 Impact factor: 8.140