Upregulation of the long noncoding RNA HOTAIR predicts recurrence in stage Ta/T1 bladder cancer.

Stage Ta/T1 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (Ta/T1 BC) has a marked tendency to recurrence. Long noncoding RNA HOTAIR has been reported to be expressed in some human cancers such as breast cancer, and it may be positively correlated with patient's prognosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of HOTAIR in Ta/T1 BC. HOTAIR expression in Ta/T1 BC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was collected from 110 patients and measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The relationships between HOTAIR and the clinical pathological characteristics of Ta/T1 BC patients were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was done to detect the protein of Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF-1) as well. Ninety out of 110 specimens were detected in HOTAIR high expression. Histological grade and expression levels of HOTAIR were positively correlated with the recurrence rate. HOTAIR expression (hazard ratio 4.712; 95 % CI 2.894-8.714; P < 0.001) was an independent predictor of recurrence rate in multivariate Cox regression analysis. HOTAIR expression is correlated with patients' poor prognosis. A significant inverse correlation between HOTAIR and WIF-1 expression was demonstrated in Ta/T1 BC tissues. The expression levels of HOTAIR are an independent prognostic factor of recurrence in Ta/T1 BC patients.