Antigoni Ekonomou1, George M Savva2, Carol Brayne2, Gillian Forster3, Paul T Francis4, Mary Johnson5, Elaine K Perry5, Johannes Attems5, Alyma Somani4, Stephen L Minger4, Clive G Ballard4. 1. Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: antigoni.ekonomou@kcl.ac.uk. 2. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. 3. Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom. 4. Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. 5. Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Reports of altered endogenous neurogenesis in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and transgenic AD models have suggested that endogenous neurogenesis may be an important treatment target, but there is considerable discrepancy among studies. We examined endogenous neurogenesis and glia changes across the range of pathologic severity of AD in people with and without dementia to address this key question. METHODS: Endogenous neurogenesis and glia in the subventricular zone and dentate gyrus neurogenic niches were evaluated using single and double immunohistochemistry and a validated antibody selection for stage-specific and type-specific markers in autopsy tissue from a representative cohort of 28 participants in the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Immunopositive cells were measured blinded to diagnosis using bright-field and fluorescent microscopy. RESULTS: The number of newly generated neurons significantly declined only in the dentate gyrus of patients with severe tau pathology. No other changes in other neurogenic markers were observed in either of the neurogenic niches. Alterations in astrocytes and microglia were also observed in the dentate gyrus across the different stages of tau pathology. No change in any of the markers was observed in individuals who died with dementia compared with individuals who did not die with dementia. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in endogenous neurogenesis appeared to be confined to a reduction in the generation of new neurons in the dentate gyrus of patients with AD and severe neurofibrillary tangle pathology and were accompanied by changes in the glia load. These data suggest that intervention enhancing endogenous neurogenesis may be a potential therapeutic target in AD. Crown
BACKGROUND: Reports of altered endogenous neurogenesis in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and transgenic AD models have suggested that endogenous neurogenesis may be an important treatment target, but there is considerable discrepancy among studies. We examined endogenous neurogenesis and glia changes across the range of pathologic severity of AD in people with and without dementia to address this key question. METHODS: Endogenous neurogenesis and glia in the subventricular zone and dentate gyrus neurogenic niches were evaluated using single and double immunohistochemistry and a validated antibody selection for stage-specific and type-specific markers in autopsy tissue from a representative cohort of 28 participants in the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Immunopositive cells were measured blinded to diagnosis using bright-field and fluorescent microscopy. RESULTS: The number of newly generated neurons significantly declined only in the dentate gyrus of patients with severe tau pathology. No other changes in other neurogenic markers were observed in either of the neurogenic niches. Alterations in astrocytes and microglia were also observed in the dentate gyrus across the different stages of tau pathology. No change in any of the markers was observed in individuals who died with dementia compared with individuals who did not die with dementia. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in endogenous neurogenesis appeared to be confined to a reduction in the generation of new neurons in the dentate gyrus of patients with AD and severe neurofibrillary tangle pathology and were accompanied by changes in the glia load. These data suggest that intervention enhancing endogenous neurogenesis may be a potential therapeutic target in AD. Crown
Authors: Melissa K Edler; Chet C Sherwood; Richard S Meindl; Emily L Munger; William D Hopkins; John J Ely; Joseph M Erwin; Daniel P Perl; Elliott J Mufson; Patrick R Hof; Mary Ann Raghanti Journal: J Comp Neurol Date: 2018-11-16 Impact factor: 3.215
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Authors: Melissa K Edler; Emily L Munger; Richard S Meindl; William D Hopkins; John J Ely; Joseph M Erwin; Elliott J Mufson; Patrick R Hof; Chet C Sherwood; Mary Ann Raghanti Journal: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci Date: 2020-09-21 Impact factor: 6.237
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