Roberta Lione1, Lorenzo Franchi2, Luis Tomas Huanca Ghislanzoni3, Jasmina Primozic4, Marco Buongiorno5, Paola Cozza1. 1. *Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy. 2. **Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Italy, ***Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Michigan, USA, lorenzo.franchi@unifi.it. 3. ****Department of Biomedical Sciences and Health, University of Milan, Italy. 4. *****Department of Orthodontics and Jaw Orthopaedics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. 5. **Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the anatomical characteristics of the maxillary arch, identified as palatal surface area and volume, between mouth-breathing and nose-breathing subjects using a three-dimensional (3D) analysis of digital dental casts. METHODS: Twenty-one Caucasian subjects (14 females and 7 males) with a mean age of 8.5 years [standard deviation (SD) 1.6 years] were selected according to the following criteria: mouth-breathing pattern due to allergic rhinitis, early mixed dentition, skeletal Class I relationship, and pre-pubertal stage of cervical vertebral maturation. This study group (SG) was compared with a control group (CG) of 17 nose-breathing subjects (9 females and 8 males, mean age: 8.5 years; SD: 1.7 years). For each subject, initial dental casts were taken and the upper arch was scanned using a 3D laser scanner. On each digital model, 3D measurements were performed to analyse maxillary arch morphology. Between-group differences were tested with the independent sample Student's t-test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: In mouth-breathing subjects, changes in physiological function of the upper respiratory tract resulted in skeletal adaptations of the maxillary arch. In the SG, both palatal surface area and volume were significantly smaller when compared with values of the CG. In particular, the palatal surface area and palatal volume were, respectively, 13.5 and 27.1 per cent smaller in the SG when compared to the CG. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with prolonged mouth breathing showed a significant reduction of the palatal surface area and volume leading to a different development of the palatal morphology when compared with subjects with normal breathing pattern.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the anatomical characteristics of the maxillary arch, identified as palatal surface area and volume, between mouth-breathing and nose-breathing subjects using a three-dimensional (3D) analysis of digital dental casts. METHODS: Twenty-one Caucasian subjects (14 females and 7 males) with a mean age of 8.5 years [standard deviation (SD) 1.6 years] were selected according to the following criteria: mouth-breathing pattern due to allergic rhinitis, early mixed dentition, skeletal Class I relationship, and pre-pubertal stage of cervical vertebral maturation. This study group (SG) was compared with a control group (CG) of 17 nose-breathing subjects (9 females and 8 males, mean age: 8.5 years; SD: 1.7 years). For each subject, initial dental casts were taken and the upper arch was scanned using a 3D laser scanner. On each digital model, 3D measurements were performed to analyse maxillary arch morphology. Between-group differences were tested with the independent sample Student's t-test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: In mouth-breathing subjects, changes in physiological function of the upper respiratory tract resulted in skeletal adaptations of the maxillary arch. In the SG, both palatal surface area and volume were significantly smaller when compared with values of the CG. In particular, the palatal surface area and palatal volume were, respectively, 13.5 and 27.1 per cent smaller in the SG when compared to the CG. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with prolonged mouth breathing showed a significant reduction of the palatal surface area and volume leading to a different development of the palatal morphology when compared with subjects with normal breathing pattern.
Authors: Balder Croquet; Harold Matthews; Jules Mertens; Yi Fan; Nele Nauwelaers; Soha Mahdi; Hanne Hoskens; Ahmed El Sergani; Tianmin Xu; Dirk Vandermeulen; Michael Bronstein; Mary Marazita; Seth Weinberg; Peter Claes Journal: Orthod Craniofac Res Date: 2021-07-21 Impact factor: 1.826
Authors: Nele Nauwelaers; Harold Matthews; Yi Fan; Balder Croquet; Hanne Hoskens; Soha Mahdi; Ahmed El Sergani; Shunwang Gong; Tianmin Xu; Michael Bronstein; Mary Marazita; Seth Weinberg; Peter Claes Journal: Orthod Craniofac Res Date: 2021-08-24 Impact factor: 1.826
Authors: James A McNamara; Roberta Lione; Lorenzo Franchi; Fernanda Angelieri; Lucia H S Cevidanes; M Ali Darendeliler; Paola Cozza Journal: Prog Orthod Date: 2015-10-07 Impact factor: 2.750