Ping Li1, Yu-lin Li1, Zhen-ya Li1, Yi-na Wu1, Cong-cong Zhang1, Xi A1, Chun-xiao Wang1, Hong-tao Shi1, Mi-zhou Hui1, Bo Xie1, Mohammed Ahmed1, Jie Du2. 1. From the Beijing An Zhen Hospital Affiliated the Capital Medical University, Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (P.L., Y.-l.L., Y.-n.W., C.-c.Z., X.A., C.-x.W., H.-t.S., J.D.); National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Z.-y.L.), National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (M.-z.H., B.X.); and Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.A.). 2. From the Beijing An Zhen Hospital Affiliated the Capital Medical University, Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (P.L., Y.-l.L., Y.-n.W., C.-c.Z., X.A., C.-x.W., H.-t.S., J.D.); National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Z.-y.L.), National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (M.-z.H., B.X.); and Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.A.). jdu@bcm.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 are key proinflammatory cytokines that play important roles in the pathophysiology of vein graft remodeling. However, the mechanism of IL-1β/IL-18 production and its role in the development of graft remodeling remain unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS: IL-1β/IL-18 were rapidly expressed in venous interposition grafts. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) death and monocytic inflammasome activation occurred in grafted veins. Necrotic VSMCs induced the expression of IL-1β, IL-18, and other inflammasome-associated proteins in monocytes, which was partially inhibited by their antagonist, recombinant IL-1ra-Fc-IL-18bp. Activated monocytes stimulated proliferation of VSMCs by activating cell growth-related signaling molecules (AKT, STAT3, ERK1/2, and mTOR [AKT/protein kinase B, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, mammalian target of rapamycin]) and increasing production of platelet-derived growth factor-bb; these effects were suppressed by IL-1ra-Fc-IL-18bp. Activated monocytes also promoted migration of VSMCs, which was independent of IL-1β/IL-18 signaling. Importantly, administration of IL-1ra-Fc-IL-18bp inhibited activation of cell growth-related signaling molecules, VSMC proliferation, and vein graft thickening in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Our work identified an interaction among necrotic VSMCs, monocytes, and viable VSMCs through IL-1β/IL-18 signaling, which might be exploited as a therapeutic target in vein graft remodeling.
OBJECTIVE: Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 are key proinflammatory cytokines that play important roles in the pathophysiology of vein graft remodeling. However, the mechanism of IL-1β/IL-18 production and its role in the development of graft remodeling remain unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS: IL-1β/IL-18 were rapidly expressed in venous interposition grafts. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) death and monocytic inflammasome activation occurred in grafted veins. NecroticVSMCs induced the expression of IL-1β, IL-18, and other inflammasome-associated proteins in monocytes, which was partially inhibited by their antagonist, recombinant IL-1ra-Fc-IL-18bp. Activated monocytes stimulated proliferation of VSMCs by activating cell growth-related signaling molecules (AKT, STAT3, ERK1/2, and mTOR [AKT/protein kinase B, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, mammalian target of rapamycin]) and increasing production of platelet-derived growth factor-bb; these effects were suppressed by IL-1ra-Fc-IL-18bp. Activated monocytes also promoted migration of VSMCs, which was independent of IL-1β/IL-18 signaling. Importantly, administration of IL-1ra-Fc-IL-18bp inhibited activation of cell growth-related signaling molecules, VSMC proliferation, and vein graft thickening in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Our work identified an interaction among necroticVSMCs, monocytes, and viable VSMCs through IL-1β/IL-18 signaling, which might be exploited as a therapeutic target in vein graft remodeling.
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