Fluorescent ligands and energy transfer in photoactive ruthenium-bipyridine complexes.

Ruthenium bis(bipyridine) complexes have proved to be useful as phototriggers for visible and IR-light photodelivery of molecules. They usually expel one ligand heterolytically upon absorption of blue or green light. However, their absorption capabilities at wavelengths longer than 500 nm are poor. Through coordination of fluorescent ligands to the Ru center, it is possible to establish an energy transfer pathway that allows these kinds of complexes to extend the range of photoactivation up to yellow wavelengths. We introduce a study of this effect in several complexes of the family using a modified Rhodamine as fluorescent ligand with different coordinated linkers. The observed trends show that a rational design of fluorophore-enhanced Ru-bpy phototriggers is possible and that photolysis efficiency can be increased by choosing the right combination of ligands.