Comparison of reoperation rates, perioperative outcomes in women with endometrial cancer when the standard of care shifts from open surgery to laparoscopy.

PURPOSE: To analyze reoperation rates and perioperative outcomes after long-term follow-up of two surgical approaches in the treatment of endometrial cancer when the standard of care shifts from open surgery to laparoscopy at a university hospital.
METHODS: In this retrospective monocenter study a total of 267 patients with endometrial cancer were included; 107 women underwent laparoscopy and 160 laparotomy. All of the patients received total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, depending on individual pathological features (e.g. high risk for positive lymph nodes) and the expertise of the surgeon.
RESULTS: Repeat surgery was needed significantly more often in the laparotomy group in comparison with the laparoscopy group (11.9 vs. 0.9 %, respectively; P < 0.001). Hospital stays were longer in the laparotomy group in comparison with laparoscopy (16.2 vs. 9.5 days; P < 0.000001). Postoperative complications were significantly more frequent in the laparotomy group in comparison with laparoscopy (25.0 vs. 10.3 %; P < 0.01). Operating times and preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin differences were similar in the two groups (193.9 vs. 190.6 min, 2.0 vs. 1.8 g/dl). Intraoperative complication rates were similar in the two groups (3.8 vs. 5.6 %).
CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy is a safe alternative to laparotomy for low risk endometrial cancer patients and offers markedly improved perioperative outcomes with a lower reoperation rate and fewer postoperative complications when the standard of care shifts from open surgery to laparoscopy in a university hospital.