Takayasu's arteritis misdiagnosed as mediastinal malignant lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare chronic large-vessel vasculitis. The early diagnosis is difficult, because of lack of characteristic clinical manifestations. In this paper, we reported a TA case of young female was misdiagnosed as mediastinal malignant lymphoma and mediastinoscope biopsy was performed. The biopsy result demonstrated that thickened tissue adjacent to the aortic arch pathological presentations were in accord with TA. Glucocorticoid was administrated and the condition was greatly improved after treatment. Therefore, we reported this case and review of the pertinent literature in order to help clinicians improve the understanding of TA and PET/CT manifestations of TA at early phase to realize the early diagnosis and treatment of TA, finally reducing the hazards.