BACKGROUND: Central venous catheters (CVCs) and central venous pressure (CVP) monitor is essential in fluid resuscitation and management for critically ill patients. Accuracy of the CVP is mainly dependent on the proper position of the catheter tip. Although the X-ray visible carina was generally recommended as the alternative of pericardial reflection (PR) to guide the placement of CVCs, few data was available with respect to the distance between the carina and PR among Chinese patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the topographic relationship between the trachea carina and PR among Chinese patients by using computed tomography (CT) images. METHODS: CT images of 172 patients who underwent CT pulmonary angiogram or CT angiogram for aorta from January 1, 2013 to November 30, 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Distances between upper margin of the right clavicular notch, trachea carina, PR and atriocaval junction (ACJ) were calculated using the table positions on axial images. RESULTS: The mean length of extrapericardial superior vena cava (SVC) was 2.5 cm. For all patients, the PR was lower than the carina by average 1.6 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Given the PR was average 1.6 cm lower than the carina among Chinese patients, placing the CVCs tip approximate 1.6 cm lower the carina among Chinese patients would be more likely to result in a satisfactory placement.
BACKGROUND: Central venous catheters (CVCs) and central venous pressure (CVP) monitor is essential in fluid resuscitation and management for critically illpatients. Accuracy of the CVP is mainly dependent on the proper position of the catheter tip. Although the X-ray visible carina was generally recommended as the alternative of pericardial reflection (PR) to guide the placement of CVCs, few data was available with respect to the distance between the carina and PR among Chinese patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the topographic relationship between the trachea carina and PR among Chinese patients by using computed tomography (CT) images. METHODS: CT images of 172 patients who underwent CT pulmonary angiogram or CT angiogram for aorta from January 1, 2013 to November 30, 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Distances between upper margin of the right clavicular notch, trachea carina, PR and atriocaval junction (ACJ) were calculated using the table positions on axial images. RESULTS: The mean length of extrapericardial superior vena cava (SVC) was 2.5 cm. For all patients, the PR was lower than the carina by average 1.6 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Given the PR was average 1.6 cm lower than the carina among Chinese patients, placing the CVCs tip approximate 1.6 cm lower the carina among Chinese patients would be more likely to result in a satisfactory placement.
Entities:
Keywords:
Central venous catheter (CVC); carina; pericardial reflection (PR)
Authors: Ralf E Gebhard; Peter Szmuk; Evan G Pivalizza; Vladimir Melnikov; Christianne Vogt; Robert D Warters Journal: Anesth Analg Date: 2007-01 Impact factor: 5.108
Authors: Carole Ann Ridge; Diana Litmanovich; Francesco Molinari; Alexander A Bankier; Ronald L Eisenberg Journal: J Thorac Imaging Date: 2013-03 Impact factor: 3.000