BACKGROUND: It has recently been shown that certain chemotherapeutic agents can improve host immune responses. The present study aimed to demonstrate the mechanism by which chemotherapeutic agents modify the tumor microenvironment and induce tumor-specific immune responses. METHODS: Three mouse cancer cell lines [CT26 mouse colon cancer cells, B16 melanoma cells and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)], 5 human carcinoma cell lines (human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines TE8 and HEC46 and the human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines PK-9, AsPC-1 and SUIT-2) and 5 chemotherapeutic agents [mitoxantrone (MIT), mitomycin C(MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5FU), camptothecin (CPT-11) and cisplatin (CDDP)] that are frequently used in a clinical setting for cancer treatment were utilized to investigate the surface expression level of calreticulin and HLA class I after exposure to chemotherapeutic agents. RESULTS: Increased calreticulin (CRT) expression on the surface of mouse cell lines and, moreover, increased surface expression levels of both CRT and HLA class I in all human cell lines were observed in cells treated by the chemotherapeutic agents as compared with non-treated cells. The surface expression level of CRT was significantly correlated with the HLA class I expression level in all human cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, chemotherapeutic drugs can improve the immunogenicity of cancer cells in a cell-specific manner through the mechanism of translocation of CRT.
BACKGROUND: It has recently been shown that certain chemotherapeutic agents can improve host immune responses. The present study aimed to demonstrate the mechanism by which chemotherapeutic agents modify the tumor microenvironment and induce tumor-specific immune responses. METHODS: Three mousecancer cell lines [CT26 mousecolon cancer cells, B16 melanoma cells and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)], 5 humancarcinoma cell lines (humanesophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines TE8 and HEC46 and the humanpancreatic carcinoma cell lines PK-9, AsPC-1 and SUIT-2) and 5 chemotherapeutic agents [mitoxantrone (MIT), mitomycin C(MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5FU), camptothecin (CPT-11) and cisplatin (CDDP)] that are frequently used in a clinical setting for cancer treatment were utilized to investigate the surface expression level of calreticulin and HLA class I after exposure to chemotherapeutic agents. RESULTS: Increased calreticulin (CRT) expression on the surface of mouse cell lines and, moreover, increased surface expression levels of both CRT and HLA class I in all human cell lines were observed in cells treated by the chemotherapeutic agents as compared with non-treated cells. The surface expression level of CRT was significantly correlated with the HLA class I expression level in all human cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, chemotherapeutic drugs can improve the immunogenicity of cancer cells in a cell-specific manner through the mechanism of translocation of CRT.
Authors: Georg F Weber; Robert Rosenberg; Janet E Murphy; Christian Meyer zum Büschenfelde; Helmut Friess Journal: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther Date: 2012-04 Impact factor: 4.512
Authors: Michel Obeid; Antoine Tesniere; François Ghiringhelli; Gian Maria Fimia; Lionel Apetoh; Jean-Luc Perfettini; Maria Castedo; Grégoire Mignot; Theoharis Panaretakis; Noelia Casares; Didier Métivier; Nathanael Larochette; Peter van Endert; Fabiola Ciccosanti; Mauro Piacentini; Laurence Zitvogel; Guido Kroemer Journal: Nat Med Date: 2006-12-24 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: K Hiraoka; M Miyamoto; Y Cho; M Suzuoki; T Oshikiri; Y Nakakubo; T Itoh; T Ohbuchi; S Kondo; H Katoh Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2006-01-30 Impact factor: 7.640