Diego J Martino1, Sergio A Strejilevich2, Eliana Marengo3, Agustín Ibañez4, María Scápola5, Ana Igoa5. 1. Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Favaloro University, Gurruchaga 2463, 1°"C", 1425 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentina. Electronic address: diejmartino@gmail.com. 2. Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Favaloro University, Gurruchaga 2463, 1°"C", 1425 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Institute of Cognitive Neurology (INECO), Buenos Aires, Argentina. 3. Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Favaloro University, Gurruchaga 2463, 1°"C", 1425 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentina. 4. Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Favaloro University, Gurruchaga 2463, 1°"C", 1425 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentina; Institute of Cognitive Neurology (INECO), Buenos Aires, Argentina; UDP-INECO Foundation Core on Neuroscience (UIFCoN), Diego Portales University, Santiago, Chile; Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australian Research Council (ACR), New South Wales, Australia. 5. Bipolar Disorder Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Favaloro University, Gurruchaga 2463, 1°"C", 1425 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional and meta-analytic studies showed that patients with bipolar disorder (BD) had neurocognitive impairments even during periods of euthymia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of BD patients with and without clinically significant cognitive impairments, as well as to analyze clinical and functional variables in these subgroups. METHODS: Hundred patients with BD and 40 healthy controls were assessed with an extensive neurocognitive assessment. Soft (some cognitive domain with a performance below 1.5 SD of the mean) and hard (at least two domains with values below 2 SD of the mean) criteria were utilized to define clinically significant cognitive impairments. RESULTS: Using both soft and hard criteria, the prevalence of clinically significant cognitive impairments was higher in people with BD than in healthy controls. 70% of patients only showed failures of small effect (d=0.21-0.35) in 2 measures of executive functions. Moreover, 30% of patients were indistinguishable from healthy subjects in terms of both neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning. On the contrary, 30% of the sample showed more severe cognitive deficits than those usually reported in literature and had the worst psychosocial functioning. CONCLUSIONS: The fact that cognitive impairments are very heterogeneous among euthymic patients with BD could contribute to understanding differences in functional outcome. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional and meta-analytic studies showed that patients with bipolar disorder (BD) had neurocognitive impairments even during periods of euthymia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of BD patients with and without clinically significant cognitive impairments, as well as to analyze clinical and functional variables in these subgroups. METHODS: Hundred patients with BD and 40 healthy controls were assessed with an extensive neurocognitive assessment. Soft (some cognitive domain with a performance below 1.5 SD of the mean) and hard (at least two domains with values below 2 SD of the mean) criteria were utilized to define clinically significant cognitive impairments. RESULTS: Using both soft and hard criteria, the prevalence of clinically significant cognitive impairments was higher in people with BD than in healthy controls. 70% of patients only showed failures of small effect (d=0.21-0.35) in 2 measures of executive functions. Moreover, 30% of patients were indistinguishable from healthy subjects in terms of both neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning. On the contrary, 30% of the sample showed more severe cognitive deficits than those usually reported in literature and had the worst psychosocial functioning. CONCLUSIONS: The fact that cognitive impairments are very heterogeneous among euthymic patients with BD could contribute to understanding differences in functional outcome. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Authors: Brandee Feola; Kristan Armstrong; Elizabeth A Flook; Neil D Woodward; Stephan Heckers; Jennifer Urbano Blackford Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2020-05-23 Impact factor: 4.839
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Authors: Andrea Pfennig; Martin Alda; Trevor Young; Glenda MacQueen; Janusz Rybakowski; Aleksandra Suwalska; Christian Simhandl; Barbara König; Tomas Hajek; Claire O'Donovan; Dirk Wittekind; Susanne von Quillfeldt; Jana Ploch; Cathrin Sauer; Michael Bauer Journal: Int J Bipolar Disord Date: 2014-12-24