Thomas O Bergmeijer1, Paul W A Janssen2, Jurjan C Schipper3, Khalid Qaderdan2, Maycel Ishak4, Rianne S Ruitenbeek2, Folkert W Asselbergs5, Arnoud W J van 't Hof6, Willem J M Dewilde7, Fabrizio Spanó8, Jean-Paul R Herrman9, Johannes C Kelder2, Maarten J Postma10, Anthonius de Boer11, Vera H M Deneer12, Jurriën M ten Berg2. 1. Department of Cardiology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. Electronic address: jurtenberg@gmail.com. 2. Department of Cardiology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Cardiology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 5. Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom. 6. Department of Cardiology, Isala Klinieken, Zwolle, The Netherlands. 7. Department of Cardiology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands. 8. Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, The Netherlands. 9. Department of Cardiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 10. Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 11. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 12. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Abstract
RATIONALE: In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), the use of dual antiplatelet therapy is essential to prevent atherothrombotic complications. Therefore, patients are treated with acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor. Clopidogrel, however, shows a major interindividual variation in antiplatelet effect, which is correlated to an increase in atherothrombotic events in patients with high platelet reactivity. This interindividual variation is partly a result of CYP2C19 genetic variants. Ticagrelor and prasugrel reduce atherothrombotic events but increase bleeding rate and drug costs, as compared with clopidogrel. CYP2C19-based tailoring of antiplatelet therapy might be beneficial to STEMI patients. STUDY DESIGN: POPular Genetics (NCT01761786) is a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial involving 2,700 STEMI patients who undergo pPCI. Patients are randomized to CYP2C19 genotyping or routine ticagrelor or prasugrel treatment. In the genotyping group, *1/*1 (wild-type) patients receive clopidogrel, and patients carrying 1 or 2 *2 or *3 loss-of-function alleles receive ticagrelor or prasugrel. The primary net clinical benefit end point is the composite of death, (recurrent) myocardial infarction, definite stent thrombosis, stroke, and Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) major bleeding at 1 year. Primary safety end point is the composite of (PLATO) major and minor bleeding. Cost-effectiveness and quality of life will be assessed by calculating quality-adjusted life-years, net costs per life-year, and per quality-adjusted life-year gained. CONCLUSION: The POPular Genetics study is the first large-scale trial comparing CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy to a nontailored strategy in terms of net clinical benefit, safety, and cost-effectiveness.
RCT Entities:
RATIONALE: In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), the use of dual antiplatelet therapy is essential to prevent atherothrombotic complications. Therefore, patients are treated with acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor. Clopidogrel, however, shows a major interindividual variation in antiplatelet effect, which is correlated to an increase in atherothrombotic events in patients with high platelet reactivity. This interindividual variation is partly a result of CYP2C19 genetic variants. Ticagrelor and prasugrel reduce atherothrombotic events but increase bleeding rate and drug costs, as compared with clopidogrel. CYP2C19-based tailoring of antiplatelet therapy might be beneficial to STEMI patients. STUDY DESIGN: POPular Genetics (NCT01761786) is a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial involving 2,700 STEMI patients who undergo pPCI. Patients are randomized to CYP2C19 genotyping or routine ticagrelor or prasugrel treatment. In the genotyping group, *1/*1 (wild-type) patients receive clopidogrel, and patients carrying 1 or 2 *2 or *3 loss-of-function alleles receive ticagrelor or prasugrel. The primary net clinical benefit end point is the composite of death, (recurrent) myocardial infarction, definite stent thrombosis, stroke, and Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) major bleeding at 1 year. Primary safety end point is the composite of (PLATO) major and minor bleeding. Cost-effectiveness and quality of life will be assessed by calculating quality-adjusted life-years, net costs per life-year, and per quality-adjusted life-year gained. CONCLUSION: The POPular Genetics study is the first large-scale trial comparing CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy to a nontailored strategy in terms of net clinical benefit, safety, and cost-effectiveness.
Authors: Thomas O Bergmeijer; Gerrit Ja Vos; Daniël Mf Claassens; Paul Wa Janssen; Remko Harms; Richard van der Heide; Folkert W Asselbergs; Jurriën M Ten Berg; Vera Hm Deneer Journal: Pharmacogenomics Date: 2018-04-27 Impact factor: 2.533
Authors: Naveen L Pereira; Charanjit S Rihal; Derek Y F So; Yves Rosenberg; Ryan J Lennon; Verghese Mathew; Shaun G Goodman; Richard M Weinshilboum; Liewei Wang; Linnea M Baudhuin; Amir Lerman; Ahmed Hasan; Erin Iturriaga; Yi-Ping Fu; Nancy Geller; Kent Bailey; Michael E Farkouh Journal: Circ Cardiovasc Interv Date: 2019-04 Impact factor: 6.546