Fabrício F A Fernandes1, Marcelo A Tomaz1, Camila Z El-Kik1, Marcos Monteiro-Machado1, Marcelo A Strauch1, Bruno L Cons1, Matheus S Tavares-Henriques1, Adélia C O Cintra2, Valdir A Facundo3, Paulo A Melo4. 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 2. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 3. Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. 4. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: melo.pa@gmail.com.
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Serotherapy against snakebite is often unavailable in some regions over Brazil, where people make use of plants from folk medicine to deal with ophidic accidents. About 10% of Combretum species have some ethnopharmacological use, including treatment of snakebites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the ability of the extract of Combretum leprosum and its component arjunolic acid to reduce some in vivo and in vitro effects of Bothrops jararacussu and Bothrops jararaca venoms. The protocols investigated include phospholipase, proteolytic, collagenase, hyaluronidase, procoagulant, hemorrhagic, edematogenic, myotoxic and lethal activities induced by these venoms in Swiss mice. RESULTS: Oral pre-treatment with arjunolic acid reduced the Bothrops jararacussu lethality in up to 75%, while preincubation prevented the death of all the animals. Hemoconcentration effect of Bothrops jararacussu venom was confirmed two hours after i.p. injection, while preincubation with arjunolic acid preserved the hematocrit levels. Both Combretum leprosum extract and arjunolic acid abolished the myotoxic action of Bothrops jararacussu venom. Preincubation of Bothrops jararacussu venom with the extract or arjunolic acid prevented the increase of plasma creatine kinase activity in mice. The hemorrhagic activity of Bothrops jararaca crude venom was reduced down to about 90% and completely inhibited by preincubation with 10 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg Combretum leprosum extract, respectively, while the preincubation and the pretreatment with 30 mg/kg of arjunolic acid reduced the venom hemorrhagic activity down to about 12% and 58%, respectively. The preincubation of the venom with both extract and 30 mg/kg arjunolic acid significantly reduced the bleeding amount induced by Bothrops jararacussu venom. The extract of Combretum leprosum decreased the edema formation induced by Bothrops jararacussu venom both in preincubation and pretreatment, but not in posttreatment. Similarly, arjunolic acid preincubated with the venom abolished edema formation, while pre- and posttreatment have been partially effective. Some enzymatic activities of Bothrops jararacussu and Bothrops jararaca venoms, i.e. phospholipase A2, collagenase, proteolytic and hyaluronidase activities, were to some extent inhibited by the extract and arjunolic acid in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, our results show that Combretum leprosum extract can inhibit different activities of two important Brazilian snake venoms, giving support for its popular use in folk medicine in the management of venomous snakebites.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Serotherapy against snakebite is often unavailable in some regions over Brazil, where people make use of plants from folk medicine to deal with ophidic accidents. About 10% of Combretum species have some ethnopharmacological use, including treatment of snakebites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the ability of the extract of Combretum leprosum and its component arjunolic acid to reduce some in vivo and in vitro effects of Bothrops jararacussu and Bothrops jararaca venoms. The protocols investigated include phospholipase, proteolytic, collagenase, hyaluronidase, procoagulant, hemorrhagic, edematogenic, myotoxic and lethal activities induced by these venoms in Swiss mice. RESULTS: Oral pre-treatment with arjunolic acid reduced the Bothrops jararacussu lethality in up to 75%, while preincubation prevented the death of all the animals. Hemoconcentration effect of Bothrops jararacussu venom was confirmed two hours after i.p. injection, while preincubation with arjunolic acid preserved the hematocrit levels. Both Combretum leprosum extract and arjunolic acid abolished the myotoxic action of Bothrops jararacussu venom. Preincubation of Bothrops jararacussu venom with the extract or arjunolic acid prevented the increase of plasma creatine kinase activity in mice. The hemorrhagic activity of Bothrops jararaca crude venom was reduced down to about 90% and completely inhibited by preincubation with 10 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg Combretum leprosum extract, respectively, while the preincubation and the pretreatment with 30 mg/kg of arjunolic acid reduced the venom hemorrhagic activity down to about 12% and 58%, respectively. The preincubation of the venom with both extract and 30 mg/kg arjunolic acid significantly reduced the bleeding amount induced by Bothrops jararacussu venom. The extract of Combretum leprosum decreased the edema formation induced by Bothrops jararacussu venom both in preincubation and pretreatment, but not in posttreatment. Similarly, arjunolic acid preincubated with the venom abolished edema formation, while pre- and posttreatment have been partially effective. Some enzymatic activities of Bothrops jararacussu and Bothrops jararaca venoms, i.e. phospholipase A2, collagenase, proteolytic and hyaluronidase activities, were to some extent inhibited by the extract and arjunolic acid in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, our results show that Combretum leprosum extract can inhibit different activities of two important Brazilian snake venoms, giving support for its popular use in folk medicine in the management of venomous snakebites.
Authors: Asenate A X Adrião; Aline O Dos Santos; Emilly J S P de Lima; Jéssica B Maciel; Weider H P Paz; Felipe M A da Silva; Manuela B Pucca; Ana M Moura-da-Silva; Wuelton M Monteiro; Marco A Sartim; Hector H F Koolen Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2022-05-09 Impact factor: 8.786
Authors: Fabianne Lacouth-Silva; Caroline V Xavier; Sulamita da S Setúbal; Adriana S Pontes; Neriane M Nery; Onassis Boeri de Castro; Carla F C Fernandes; Eduardo R Honda; Fernando B Zanchi; Leonardo A Calderon; Rodrigo G Stábeli; Andreimar M Soares; Izaltina Silva-Jardim; Valdir A Facundo; Juliana P Zuliani Journal: BMC Complement Altern Med Date: 2015-11-25 Impact factor: 3.659
Authors: Marcelo A Strauch; Marcelo Amorim Tomaz; Marcos Monteiro-Machado; Bruno Lemos Cons; Fernando Chagas Patrão-Neto; Jhonatha da Mota Teixeira-Cruz; Matheus da Silva Tavares-Henriques; Pâmella Dourila Nogueira-Souza; Sara L S Gomes; Paulo R R Costa; Edgar Schaeffer; Alcides J M da Silva; Paulo A Melo Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-01-28 Impact factor: 3.240