Cíntia Ferreira-Pêgo1, Nancy Babio1, Juan Miguel Fenández-Alvira2, Iris Iglesia2, Luis A Moreno2, Jordi Salas-Salvadó1. 1. Human Nutrition Unit. Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. IISPV (Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili). Biochemistry Biotechnology Department. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Reus. Spain. CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición). Institute of Health Carlos III. Madrid. Spain.. jordi.salas@urv.cat. 2. GENUD (Growth, Exercise. NUtrition and Development) Research Group. Faculty of Health Sciences. Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza. Spain.. jordi.salas@urv.cat.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Dietary questionnaires usually only assess the intake of drinks that provide calories, but do not accurately evaluate total fluid or water intake. The evaluation of the fluid consumption pattern of a population has been the main objective of only a very few studies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the total fluid intake from different types of beverages in Spanish adults. METHODS: A total of 1,262 adults aged 18-70 years were randomly recruited from all Spanish regions. The information about the quantity and quality of daily fluid intake from different types of beverages was collected using a 24h fluid-specific diary over 7 consecutive days. RESULTS: 50.4% of the study population had a fluid intake < 80% of the EFSA recommendations for total water intake. The odds of meeting the recommendations of total fluid intake were higher in women [OR: 2.48; 95%CI: 1.81-3.40], and in those with higher leisure-time physical activity (3-4 times/week [OR: 1.57; 95%CI: 1.01- 2.46]; 5 times/week or more [OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.37-2.83]). Women consumed significantly more hot and sweet light beverages. However, men consumed significantly more sweet regular and alcoholic drinks. A significant higher percentage of young and normal/underweight subjects exceed the WHO recommendations for free sugars (> 10% total energy intake) from beverages alone. CONCLUSION: Half of the adults studied do not meet the EFSA fluid intake recommendations. Water is the main fluid consumed. Differences in the pattern of fluid consumption were observed between ages and genders. A quarter of the population studied consumes from beverages alone already more sugar than recommended from the total diet. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.
INTRODUCTION: Dietary questionnaires usually only assess the intake of drinks that provide calories, but do not accurately evaluate total fluid or water intake. The evaluation of the fluid consumption pattern of a population has been the main objective of only a very few studies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the total fluid intake from different types of beverages in Spanish adults. METHODS: A total of 1,262 adults aged 18-70 years were randomly recruited from all Spanish regions. The information about the quantity and quality of daily fluid intake from different types of beverages was collected using a 24h fluid-specific diary over 7 consecutive days. RESULTS: 50.4% of the study population had a fluid intake < 80% of the EFSA recommendations for total water intake. The odds of meeting the recommendations of total fluid intake were higher in women [OR: 2.48; 95%CI: 1.81-3.40], and in those with higher leisure-time physical activity (3-4 times/week [OR: 1.57; 95%CI: 1.01- 2.46]; 5 times/week or more [OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.37-2.83]). Women consumed significantly more hot and sweet light beverages. However, men consumed significantly more sweet regular and alcoholic drinks. A significant higher percentage of young and normal/underweight subjects exceed the WHO recommendations for free sugars (> 10% total energy intake) from beverages alone. CONCLUSION: Half of the adults studied do not meet the EFSA fluid intake recommendations. Water is the main fluid consumed. Differences in the pattern of fluid consumption were observed between ages and genders. A quarter of the population studied consumes from beverages alone already more sugar than recommended from the total diet. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.
Authors: Indira Paz-Graniel; Nancy Babio; Nerea Becerra-Tomás; Estefania Toledo; Lucia Camacho-Barcia; Dolores Corella; Olga Castañer-Niño; Dora Romaguera; Jesús Vioque; Ángel M Alonso-Gómez; Julia Wärnberg; J Alfredo Martínez; Luís Serra-Majem; Ramon Estruch; Francisco J Tinahones; Fernando Fernandez-Aranda; José Lapetra; Xavier Pintó; Josep A Tur; Antonio García-Rios; Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas; José J Gaforio; Pilar Matía-Martín; Lidia Daimiel; Vicente Martín Sánchez; Josep Vidal; Lucía Prieto-Sanchez; Emilio Ros; Cristina Razquin; Cristina Mestres; José V Sorli; Aida M Cuenca-Royo; Angel Rios; Laura Torres-Collado; Jessica Vaquero-Luna; Napoleon Pérez-Farinós; M Angeles Zulet; Almudena Sanchez-Villegas; Rosa Casas; M Rosa Bernal-Lopez; José Manuel Santos-Lozano; Xavier Corbella; David Mateos; Pilar Buil-Cosiales; Susana Jiménez-Murcia; Rebeca Fernandez-Carrion; Laura Forcano-Gamazo; Meritxell López; Miguel Ángel Sempere-Pascual; Anai Moreno-Rodriguez; Alfredo Gea; Rafael de la Torre-Fornell; Jordi Salas-Salvadó Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2020-10-30 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: C Ferreira-Pêgo; I Guelinckx; L A Moreno; S A Kavouras; J Gandy; H Martinez; S Bardosono; M Abdollahi; E Nasseri; A Jarosz; N Babio; J Salas-Salvadó Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2015-06-12 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: I Guelinckx; C Ferreira-Pêgo; L A Moreno; S A Kavouras; J Gandy; H Martinez; S Bardosono; M Abdollahi; E Nasseri; A Jarosz; G Ma; E Carmuega; N Babio; J Salas-Salvadó Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2015-06-14 Impact factor: 5.614