Stella S Yi1, Christine J Curtis1, Sonia Y Angell1, Cheryl Am Anderson2, Molly Jung3, Susan M Kansagra1. 1. 1New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene,Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Tobacco Control,2 Gotham Center,42-09 28th Street,9th Floor,CN-46,Long Island City,NY 11101,USA. 2. 2University of California,San Diego School of Medicine,Department of Family and Preventive Medicine,La Jolla,CA,USA. 3. 3Albert Einstein College of Medicine,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health,New York,NY,USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To contrast mean values of Na:K with Na and K mean intakes by demographic factors, and to calculate the prevalence of New York City (NYC) adults meeting the WHO guideline for optimal Na:K (<1 mmol/mmol, i.e. <0·59 mg/mg) using 24 h urinary values. DESIGN: Data were from the 2010 Community Health Survey Heart Follow-Up Study, a population-based, representative study including data from 24 h urine collections. SETTING: Participants were interviewed using a dual-frame sample design consisting of random-digit dial telephone exchanges that cover NYC. Data were weighted to be representative of NYC adults as a whole. SUBJECTS: The final sample of 1656 adults provided 24 h urine collections and self-reported health data. RESULTS: Mean Na:K in NYC adults was 1·7 mg/mg. Elevated Na:K was observed in young, minority, low-education and high-poverty adults. Only 5·2 % of NYC adults had Na:K in the optimal range. CONCLUSIONS: Na intake is high and K intake is low in NYC adults, leading to high Na:K. Na:K is a useful marker and its inclusion for nutrition surveillance in populations, in addition to Na and K intakes, is indicated.
OBJECTIVE: To contrast mean values of Na:K with Na and K mean intakes by demographic factors, and to calculate the prevalence of New York City (NYC) adults meeting the WHO guideline for optimal Na:K (<1 mmol/mmol, i.e. <0·59 mg/mg) using 24 h urinary values. DESIGN: Data were from the 2010 Community Health Survey Heart Follow-Up Study, a population-based, representative study including data from 24 h urine collections. SETTING:Participants were interviewed using a dual-frame sample design consisting of random-digit dial telephone exchanges that cover NYC. Data were weighted to be representative of NYC adults as a whole. SUBJECTS: The final sample of 1656 adults provided 24 h urine collections and self-reported health data. RESULTS: Mean Na:K in NYC adults was 1·7 mg/mg. Elevated Na:K was observed in young, minority, low-education and high-poverty adults. Only 5·2 % of NYC adults had Na:K in the optimal range. CONCLUSIONS: Na intake is high and K intake is low in NYC adults, leading to high Na:K. Na:K is a useful marker and its inclusion for nutrition surveillance in populations, in addition to Na and K intakes, is indicated.
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