Doris M Campos1, Kerstin Gritsch2, Vincent Salles3, Ghania N Attik3, Brigitte Grosgogeat4. 1. Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces CNRS UMR 5615, Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . ; UFR d'odontologie, Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . 2. Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces CNRS UMR 5615, Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . ; UFR d'odontologie, Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . ; Centre de Soins, d'Enseignement et de Recherche Dentaires (Département de Parodontologie), Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . 3. Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces CNRS UMR 5615, Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . 4. Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces CNRS UMR 5615, Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . ; UFR d'odontologie, Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France . ; Centre de Soins, d'Enseignement et de Recherche Dentaires (Département de Santé Publique), Université Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France .
Abstract
Nowadays, the challenge in the tissue engineering field consists in the development of biomaterials designed to regenerate ad integrum damaged tissues. Despite the current use of bioresorbable polyesters such as poly(l-lactide) (PLA), poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and poly-ɛ-caprolactone in soft tissue regeneration researches, their hydrophobic properties negatively influence the cell adhesion. Here, to overcome it, we have developed a fibronectin (FN)-functionalized electrospun PLGA scaffold for periodontal ligament regeneration. Functionalization of electrospun PLGA scaffolds was performed by alkaline hydrolysis (0.1 or 0.01 M NaOH). Then, hydrolyzed scaffolds were coated by simple deposition of an FN layer (10 μg/mL). FN coating was evidenced by X-ray photoelectron analysis. A decrease of contact angle and greater cell adhesion to hydrolyzed, FN-coated PLGA scaffolds were noticed. Suitable degradation behavior without pH variations was observed for all samples up to 28 days. All treated materials presented strong shrinkage, fiber orientation loss, and collapsed fibers. However, functionalization process using 0.01 M NaOH concentration resulted in unchanged scaffold porosity, preserved chemical composition, and similar mechanical properties compared with untreated scaffolds. The proposed simplified method to functionalize electrospun PLGA fibers is an efficient route to make polyester scaffolds more biocompatible and shows potential for tissue engineering.
Nowadays, the pan> class="Chemical">challenge in the tissue engineering field consists in the development of biomaterials designed to regenerate ad integrum damaged tissues. Despite the current use of bioresorbable polyesters such as poly(l-lactide) (PLA), poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and poly-ɛ-caprolactone in soft tissue regeneration researches, their hydrophobic properties negatively influence the cell adhesion. Here, to overcome it, we have developed a fibronectin (FN)-functionalized electrospun PLGA scaffold for periodontal ligament regeneration. Functionalization of electrospun PLGA scaffolds was performed by alkaline hydrolysis (0.1 or 0.01 M NaOH). Then, hydrolyzed scaffolds were coated by simple deposition of an FN layer (10 μg/mL). FNcoating was evidenced by X-ray photoelectron analysis. A decrease of contact angle and greater cell adhesion to hydrolyzed, FN-coated PLGA scaffolds were noticed. Suitable degradation behavior without pH variations was observed for all samples up to 28 days. All treated materials presented strong shrinkage, fiber orientation loss, and collapsed fibers. However, functionalization process using 0.01 M NaOHconcentration resulted in unchanged scaffold porosity, preserved chemical composition, and similar mechanical properties compared with untreated scaffolds. The proposed simplified method to functionalize electrospun PLGA fibers is an efficient route to make polyester scaffolds more biocompatible and shows potential for tissue engineering.
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