[Lp-PLA2 and sPLA2: cardiovascular biomarkers].

Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) belong to a superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycerophospholipids at the sn-2 position, producing nonesterified fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Many experimental studies have shown that PLA2 are involved in lipid metabolism and immuno-inflammatory response and participate in the development of atherosclerosis. In humans, therapeutic approaches based on the inhibition of PLA2 are currently in development. This review summarizes human studies regarding the prognostic value of two members of the family of PLA2, Lp-PLA2 (lipoprotein-associated PLA2) and sPLA2 (secretory PLA2), in cardiovascular diseases.