I Desormais1, V Aboyans2, A Bura3, J Constans4, J-P Cambou3, E Messas5, A Labrunie6, P Lacroix7. 1. Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Angiology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France; INSERM U1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France; CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France. Electronic address: ileana.desormais@orange.fr. 2. INSERM U1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France; CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France; Department of Cardiology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France. 3. Department of Vascular Medicine, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse, France; INSERM U858, Toulouse, France. 4. Department of Vascular Medicine, Saint Andre Hospital, Bordeaux, France. 5. Department of Vascular Medicine, HEGP, Paris, France. 6. INSERM U1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France; CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France. 7. Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Angiology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France; INSERM U1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France; CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Anemia is associated with poorer outcome in coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF), but data on patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are scarce, especially regarding the local (limb) prognosis. It was hypothesized that anemia is associated with poorer prognosis in patients hospitalized for PAD, and this relationship would be proportional to the severity of the anemia. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. MATERIALS: The Cohorte des Patients Artéritiques (COPART) is a multicenter registry of patients hospitalized for PAD in three university hospitals in southwestern France. METHODS: Clinical and biological data were collected at entry. Patients were followed up to 1 year. Anemia was defined by Hb < 8.2 mmol/L in men and <7.6 mmol/L in women. The primary outcome was 1-year survival free from major amputation. The secondary outcome was 1-year major amputation. RESULTS: Data of 925 consecutive patients (70.7 ± 12.8 years, 29.2% females) were analyzed. Patients were hospitalized either for revascularization or medical therapy, with Rutherford categories 3 (25%), 4 (9.1%), 5 or 6 (55.1%) as well as acute limb ischemia (10.8%). Anemia was present in 471 patients (50.9%). These patients were significantly older, with higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, clinical CAD, HF, chronic kidney disease, and cancer, and with lower rates of smoking and dyslipidemia than their counterparts (p < .05 for all). In multivariate models, anemia was significantly and independently associated (p < 0.001) with death and amputation (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.15-1.80) with similar findings for secondary outcomes. A lower level of hemoglobin is associated with a higher risk of mortality and amputation (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.09-1.32). CONCLUSION: Anemia and its severity are independent predictors of mortality and limb loss in patients hospitalized for PAD.
OBJECTIVES:Anemia is associated with poorer outcome in coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF), but data on patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are scarce, especially regarding the local (limb) prognosis. It was hypothesized that anemia is associated with poorer prognosis in patients hospitalized for PAD, and this relationship would be proportional to the severity of the anemia. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. MATERIALS: The Cohorte des Patients Artéritiques (COPART) is a multicenter registry of patients hospitalized for PAD in three university hospitals in southwestern France. METHODS: Clinical and biological data were collected at entry. Patients were followed up to 1 year. Anemia was defined by Hb < 8.2 mmol/L in men and <7.6 mmol/L in women. The primary outcome was 1-year survival free from major amputation. The secondary outcome was 1-year major amputation. RESULTS: Data of 925 consecutive patients (70.7 ± 12.8 years, 29.2% females) were analyzed. Patients were hospitalized either for revascularization or medical therapy, with Rutherford categories 3 (25%), 4 (9.1%), 5 or 6 (55.1%) as well as acute limb ischemia (10.8%). Anemia was present in 471 patients (50.9%). These patients were significantly older, with higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, clinical CAD, HF, chronic kidney disease, and cancer, and with lower rates of smoking and dyslipidemia than their counterparts (p < .05 for all). In multivariate models, anemia was significantly and independently associated (p < 0.001) with death and amputation (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.15-1.80) with similar findings for secondary outcomes. A lower level of hemoglobin is associated with a higher risk of mortality and amputation (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.09-1.32). CONCLUSION:Anemia and its severity are independent predictors of mortality and limb loss in patients hospitalized for PAD.
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