Daniel Y C Heng1, J Connor Wells2, Brian I Rini3, Benoit Beuselinck4, Jae-Lyun Lee5, Jennifer J Knox6, Georg A Bjarnason7, Sumanta Kumar Pal8, Christian K Kollmannsberger9, Takeshi Yuasa10, Sandy Srinivas11, Frede Donskov12, Aristotelis Bamias13, Lori A Wood14, D Scott Ernst15, Neeraj Agarwal16, Ulka N Vaishampayan17, Sun Young Rha18, Jenny J Kim19, Toni K Choueiri20. 1. Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address: daniel.heng@albertahealthservices.ca. 2. Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 3. Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA. 4. University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. 5. Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. 6. Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 7. Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 8. City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Cente, Duarte, CA, USA. 9. BCCA Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 10. Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan. 11. Stanford Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA. 12. Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. 13. Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National & Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece. 14. Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 15. London Regional Cancer Centre, London, Ontario, Canada. 16. University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 17. Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA. 18. Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 19. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. 20. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The benefit of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for overall survival (OS) is unclear in patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in the era of targeted therapy. OBJECTIVE: To determine OS benefit of CN compared with no CN in mRCC patients treated with targeted therapies. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective data from patients with synchronous mRCC (n=1658) from the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) were used to compare 982 mRCC patients who had a CN with 676 mRCC patients who did not. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: OS was compared and hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for IMDC poor prognostic criteria. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Patients who had CN had better IMDC prognostic profiles versus those without (favorable, intermediate, or poor in 9%, 63%, and 28% vs 1%, 45%, and 54%, respectively). The median OS of patients with CN versus without CN was 20.6 versus 9.5 mo (p<0.0001). When adjusted for IMDC criteria to correct for imbalances, the HR of death was 0.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.69; p<0.0001). Patients estimated to survive <12 mo may receive marginal benefit from CN. Patients who have four or more of the IMDC prognostic criteria did not benefit from CN. Data were collected retrospectively. CONCLUSIONS: CN is beneficial in synchronous mRCC patients treated with targeted therapy, even after adjusting for prognostic factors. Patients with estimated survival times <12 mo or four or more IMDC prognostic factors may not benefit from CN. This information may aid in patient selection as we await results from randomized controlled trials. PATIENT SUMMARY: We looked at the survival outcomes of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who did or did not have the primary tumor removed. We found that most patients benefited from tumor removal, except for those with four or more IMDC risk factors.
BACKGROUND: The benefit of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for overall survival (OS) is unclear in patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in the era of targeted therapy. OBJECTIVE: To determine OS benefit of CN compared with no CN in mRCC patients treated with targeted therapies. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective data from patients with synchronous mRCC (n=1658) from the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) were used to compare 982 mRCC patients who had a CN with 676 mRCC patients who did not. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: OS was compared and hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for IMDC poor prognostic criteria. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Patients who had CN had better IMDC prognostic profiles versus those without (favorable, intermediate, or poor in 9%, 63%, and 28% vs 1%, 45%, and 54%, respectively). The median OS of patients with CN versus without CN was 20.6 versus 9.5 mo (p<0.0001). When adjusted for IMDC criteria to correct for imbalances, the HR of death was 0.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.69; p<0.0001). Patients estimated to survive <12 mo may receive marginal benefit from CN. Patients who have four or more of the IMDC prognostic criteria did not benefit from CN. Data were collected retrospectively. CONCLUSIONS: CN is beneficial in synchronous mRCCpatients treated with targeted therapy, even after adjusting for prognostic factors. Patients with estimated survival times <12 mo or four or more IMDC prognostic factors may not benefit from CN. This information may aid in patient selection as we await results from randomized controlled trials. PATIENT SUMMARY: We looked at the survival outcomes of metastatic renal cell carcinomapatients who did or did not have the primary tumor removed. We found that most patients benefited from tumor removal, except for those with four or more IMDC risk factors.
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Authors: Rene Mager; Siamak Daneshmand; Christopher P Evans; Joan Palou; Juan I Martínez-Salamanca; Viraj A Master; James M McKiernan; John A Libertino; Axel Haferkamp; Axel Haferkamp; Umberto Capitanio; Joaquín A Carballido; Venancio Chantada; Thomas Chromecki; Gaetano Ciancio; Siamak Daneshmand; Christopher P Evans; Paolo Gontero; Javier González; Markus Hohenfellner; William C Huang; Theresa M Koppie; John A Libertino; Estefanía Linares Espinós; Adam Lorentz; Juan I Martínez-Salamanca; Viraj A Master; James M McKiernan; Francesco Montorsi; Giacomo Novara; Padraic O'Malley; Sascha Pahernik; Joan Palou; José Luis Pontones Moreno; Raj S Pruthi; Oscar Rodriguez Faba; Paul Russo; Douglas S Scherr; Shahrokh F Shariat; Martin Spahn; Carlo Terrone; Derya Tilki; Dario Vázquez-Martul; Cesar Vera Donoso; Daniel Vergho; Eric M Wallen; Richard Zigeuner Journal: J Surg Oncol Date: 2016-08-26 Impact factor: 3.454